1. Week 15

2. Monday Warm Up Week 15 What is work?

3. Cornell Notes: Work and Simple Machines Work: the transfer of energy to an object by using a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the work. Movement in direction of force.

4. How do you know if it is work? 1. the object moves as force is applied 2. the object moves in the same direction as the force Ex: carry a backpack (force up, motion forward) not work. lifting a bag (force up, motion up) is work.

5. How do you calculate work? Work = Force x distance W = F x d Force in Newtons Distance in meters

6. What is the unit to measure work? Joule (J) Work is a transfer of energy, joules measure energy.

7. What is power? Power is the rate at which work is done. Power = Work divided by time (P = W/t) Measured in Watts (W)

8. What is a machine? A device that helps do work by overcoming a force orchanging direction of applied force

9. What is work input? Work input is the amount of work you do on the machine. Work input is force x distance you put into machine.

10. What is work output? Work output is the work done by the machine. Work output = Force x distance of output.

11. How do machines help? 1. They DO NOT increase amount of work done. 2. They DO allow force to be applied over greater distance which means less force is needed to do same work.

12. Let's find all the ways to get 12 J of work: ForceDistance 121 62 43 34 26 112 As force decreases, distance increases but work stays the same.

13. What is mechanical advantage? Some machines make work easier by increasing force or giving it a mechanical advantage. Mechanical advantage is the number of times a machine multiples force.

14. How do you calculate mechanical advantage? mechanical advantage = output force divided by input force. MA = output/input

15. Thought check: If you had to push a 500 N weight up a ramp and only needed to push with 50 N of force, what is the mechanical advantage of the ramp?

16. What is mechanical efficiency? The ratio of work output to work input is the mechanical efficiency. Work Output is always less than work input because the machine has to overcome friction.

17. How do you calculate mechanical efficiency? mechanical efficiency = work output/work input x 100 The ME is expressed as a percentage. A perfect machine would be 100% efficient.

18. Assignment Do page 221 #1-10

19. Tuesday Warm Up Week 15 Suppose you exert 60 N on a machine and the machine exerts 240 N on another object. What is the machine's mechanical advantage? MA = output/input

20. Cornell notes: Simple machines Content/writing space

21. What are the six simple machines? Levers Pulleys Wheel and axle Inclined Plane Wedge Screw

22. Lever: A machine that has a bar that pivots at a fixed point called a fulcrum. Input force Output force

23. Three types of levers: First class lever: fulcrum in middle Second class lever: Output force (load) in middle Third class lever: Input force (effort) in middle

24. Lever's Mechanical Advantage: MA = output force/input force Second class lever MA > 1 (load close to fulcrum) Third class lever MA < 1 (force decreased but over longer distance) First class lever MA depends upon location of fulcrum.

25. Pulley: machine that consists of a wheel over which a rope passes. Fixed Pulley Movable Pulley Block and Tackle

26. Mechanical Advantage of Pulley Fixed: MA = 1 Movable: MA = 2 Block & Tackle: MA = # rope segments on load

28. Wheel & Axle A machine with two circular objects of different sizes, the wheel is larger than the axle.

29. Mechanical Advantage of Wheel & Axle MA - radius of wheel divided by radius of axle.

30. Inclined plane: a machine that is a straight, slanted surface - a ramp.

31. Mechanical Advantage of Inclined plane: MA = length divided by height

32. Wedge: a machine made up of two inclined planes that moves - often used for cutting.

33. Mechanical Advantage of wedge: MA = length divided by greatest thickness

34. Screw: machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.

35. Mechanical Advantage of a Screw: MA = length of ramp divided by height (just like the inclined plane it would be if you unwrapped it).

36. Compound machine Two or more simple machines together.

38. Assignment Do page 229 #1-9

39. Wednesday Warm Up Week 15 A wheelchair ramp is 5.6 m long and 0.8 m high. What is the ramp's mechanical advantage? MA = length/height

40. Assignment www.explorelearning.com Ants on a Slant gizmo and pulley gizmo Do worksheets and take assessments

41. Thursday Warm Up Week 15 If a wheel has a radius of 12.5 cm and an axle has a radius of 0.5 cm, what is the mechanical advantage of the wheel and axle? MA = radius of wheel/radius of axle.

42. Assignment www.explorelearning.com Lever gizmo and Wheel & Axle gizmo Complete worksheets and take assessments.

43. Friday Warm Up Week 15 What is the mechanical advantage of this block and tackle system?

44. Video: Simple Machines Complete the worksheet as the video plays.