1. Review for Quiz 2

2. Outline of Part 2 Properties of Stars  Distances, luminosities, spectral types, temperatures, sizes  Binary stars, methods of estimating mass, stellar masses The HR Diagram  Spectral type, absolute magnitude, using the HR diagram Stellar Evolution (Low Mass and High Mass stars)  Hydrostatic equilibrium, sources of energy, energy transport  Evolution in the HR diagram Stellar Endpoints  Planetary nebulae white dwarfs, supernovae, neutron stars  Black holes Binary Star Evolution  Mass transfer and accretion; novae Protostars and Star Formation

3. The H-R Diagram

4. Stellar Evolution Main Sequence (core H fusion)

5. Stellar Evolution Main Sequence (core H fusion) Red Giant (core contraction, Hydrogen shell burning)

6. Stellar Evolution Main Sequence (core H fusion) Red Giant (core contraction, Hydrogen shell burning) Core Helium burning

7. Stellar Evolution Main Sequence (core H fusion) Red Giant (core contraction, Hydrogen shell burning) Core Helium burning 2 nd Giant Branch (core contraction, H, He shell burning) Mass Loss Occurs Here

8. Stellar Evolution Main Sequence (core H fusion) Red Giant (core contraction, Hydrogen shell burning) Core Helium burning 2 nd Giant Branch (core contraction, H, He shell burning) Mass Loss Occurs Here If Core is Less Than 1.4 M  Planetary Nebula (ionization of mass lost by star) White Dwarf (inert C/O core)

9. Planetary Nebulae

10. Stellar Evolution Series of core burning and core contractions  Carbon to Magnesium, etc. If Core is Greater Than 1.4 M   Magnesium, etc., to Silicon, etc.  Silicon, etc. to iron SUPERNOVA

11. Supernova Remnants

12. Elemental Synthesis In the supernova explosion, all the elements are made, and are ejected into space

13. Stellar Endpoints If Remnant Core is less than 3 M   Remnant is a Neutron Star  If Magnetic Pole Points at Earth  Remnant is a Pulsar

14. Stellar Endpoints If Remnant Core is less than 3 M   Remnant is a Neutron Star  If Magnetic Pole Points at Earth  Remnant is a Pulsar If Remnant Core is greater than 3 M   Remnant is a Black Hole

15. The HR Diagram