1. Historical & modern observations of supernovae Jasmin & Nicole Kesselring

2.  Death of a star  Two mechanisms: 1.Thermonulear Supernova: Mass less then 8 sun masses  Type 1a Supernova 2.Core Collapse Supernova: Mass min. 8 sun masses  super dense objekts

3.  written down  seen with the naked eye  paintings  compared the brightness

4. SN 185SN 1006

5.  1572; Tycho Brahe ◦ De nova et nullius aevi memoria prius visa stella (Latin for "Concerning the new and previously unseen star")  1604; Kepler ◦ De Stella nova in pede Serpentarii (Latin for "On the new star in Ophiuchus's foot", “)

6. Tycho Brahe supernova remnant

7.  Change of brightness ◦ Brightness of 10 billion suns ◦ Energy output of 10 44 jouls SN 1994D

8.  Spectroscopy ◦ Each atom has its own spectrum ◦ Passive observation technique

9.  Spectroscopy of Supernovae ◦ Contains hydrogen  Type 2 ◦ Otherwise  Type 1

10.  X-rays ◦ X-ray burst at the beginning of a supernova  Neutrinos ◦ Supernova Early Warning System (Neutrinotelescopes)  Gamma-ray burst (GRB)