1. 3.2 Energy Flow Main source of energy for life on Earth? Sun Less than 1% used by living things *some organisms rely on energy stored in inorganic chemical compounds

2. Autotrophs/Producers capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food Plants, algae, bacteria (cyanobacteria, salt marsh) They are VERY important to energy flow in the biosphere

3. Photosynthetic bacteria cyanobacteria Tidal marsh salt marsh

5. Photosynthesis

6. Oh no! Light’s out! Chemosynthesis-use chemical energy to produce CHOs Done in the absence of light Some bacteria Volcanic vents, hot springs, tidal marshes

7. Consumers Heterotrophs = consumers rely on other organisms for their energy and food Animals, fungi and many bacteria

9. Types of Heterotrophs Herbivores eat only plants Carnivores eat animals Omnivores eat plants & animals

10. Herbivores (cont.) Detritovoreseat plant and animal remains and other dead matter (detritus) Decomposers break down organic matter

11. Community Interactions Competition Predation Symbiosis – two species live closely together 1. Mutualism 2. Commensalism 3. Parasitism

15. What are you going to do…? Create/draw/color a comic illustrating the symbiotic relationship between your two organisms. Do NOT…I repeat, Do NOT use the name of the relationship in your comic!

16. 1 Grassland 2 Suburb 3 Coniferous Forest 4 Coniferous Forest Lake 5 Deciduous Forest 6 Deciduous Forest 7 Grassland 8 Suburb

17. What happens to the energy in an ecosystem when one organism eats another? Energy flows in one direction Sun  producers  consumers

19. Food Web

20. Trophic Levels Each step in a food chain or food web Producers = 1 st trophic level Consumers = 2 nd, trophic level (3 rd, 4 th, etc) Only about 10% of the energy available within one trophic level is transferred to organisms at the next trophic level

22. What shapes an ecosystem? Biotic factors-the biological influences on organisms w/i an ecosystem Examples: Abiotic factors-nonliving factors that shape ecosystems Examples:

23. Biotic and abiotic factors determine the survival and growth of an organism and the productivity of the ecosystem in which it lives Habitat-the area an organism lives (includes biotic and abiotic factors) Niche-full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way it uses the conditions