1. Urban Planning: How to live under climate change in Bangkok 23 November 2007 Inter-Continental Hotel, Bangkok H.E.Apirak Kosayodhin Governor of Bangkok

2. “The ‘environment’ is where we live; and development is what we all do in attempting to improve our lot within that abode. The two are inseparable.” Our Common Future The World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED)

3. Greenhouse Gas Emission in Bangkok Compare with Other Large Cities Sanfrancisco Sandiago Toronto Bangkok New York Tokyo London Source: Chulalongkorn University, 2007 CO2 Million Tons per year Source: World Resource Institute, 2000 0.6% of the world total GHGs emission

4. Impacts of Climate Change: Global Scale  Increasing in the Earth’s average temperature by approximately 0.74 o C over the past century  Shrinking of mountain glaciers  Lengthening of mid- to high-latitude growing seasons  Changes in precipitation patterns and ocean currents  Increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves, storms floods and droughts in some regions Source: Global Environment Outlook 4, UNEP (2007)

5. Impacts of Climate Change: Bangkok Environmental Challenges  The change in land use effects to Bangkok’s temperature to be higher than the suburb by 2 o C  From 1956 – 1997 the Bangkok’s lowest temperature increased by 2 o C  Disaster from floods  Sea-level rise threatens coastal erosion in Bangkhuntien  High incidence of infectious diseases such as dengue fever and Letrospirosis

6. Interdisciplinary Approach to Fight Against Global Warming in Bangkok “The Bangkok Declaration on the Cooperation of Alleviating the Global Warming” 36 Organizations jointly signed the Bangkok Declaration on the Cooperation of alleviating the global warming on 9 May 2007 at the United Nations Conference Centre, Bangkok

7. 1. We will reduce energy uses and effectively use resources for production and consumption to make least impact to global warming. 2. We will together support the role of youths, communities, businesses, government units and individuals to coordinately reduce greenhouse gases emission. 3. We will together support the way of life based on the sufficient economy to prevent prepare and adapt to global warming. 4. We will together participate, support and promote carbon sequestration through tree plantation extensively and sustainably. 5. We will continuously support the global warming reduction and prevention activities by disseminating knowledge and information, to encourage practical action in everyday living. The Bangkok Declaration

8. From Bangkok Declaration to the 5-Year Action Plan for Global Warming Alleviation (2007 – 2012) Public Consultation Process Expert consultations Resident consultations on BMA’s website, seminar and survey

9. The 5-Year Action Plan for Global Warming Alleviation (2007 – 2012) The 5-Year Action Plan for Global Warming Alleviation (2007 – 2012): The 5 Approaches 1.Improvement of Transportation System 2.Promotion of Alternative Energies 3.Energy Conservation and Building Retrofit 4.Solid Waste and Wastewater Management 5.Expansion of green areas Ultimate Goal: 15% reduction of GHGs emission by 2012

10. Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal 1.BMA’s Practices 2.Local Cooperation 3.International Cooperation “Action to climate Change is now a global priority”

11. Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal: BMA’s Practices 1.Launch of campaigns: - switching lights off -using of energy saving bulbs -stop idling vehicles -tree planting -using cloth bags -waste reduction, and etc.

12. 2. Improvement of Transportation System: BRT, sky train, subway system 3. Promotion of Alternative Energies: NGV waste collection truck, solar water heater and solar cell at schools, landfill gas to energy 4. Energy Conservation and Building Retrofit: energy saving house design for people, awareness raising on energy conservation 5. Solid Waste and Wastewater Management: home composting, waste recycling, appropriate technology, Polluter Pays Principle scheme, 6. Expansion of green areas: new public parks construction, vertical garden, roof-top garden Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal: BMA’s Practices

13. Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal: Local Cooperation 1. Ministry of Energy -Energy audit in big buildings -Awareness raising on energy conservation for school children and government officials -Anaerobic digestion system for organic waste at schools and fresh markets -Biodiesel production -Hybrid solar waste heat water heater system in BMA’s hospital 2. The Federation of Thai Industries -Waste recycling system in universities -Drop Off Station in department stores and convenient stores -Formalization of scavenger (Saleng) groups -Recycling handicrafts competition and marketing

14. Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal: Local Cooperation 4. PTT Public Co.Ltd. - BMA helps coordinate to expand new NGV gas stations 5. The Bangchak Petroleum Public Co.Ltd. - Cooperation for biodiesel production from used cooking oil 3. Metropolitan Electricity Authority - Support 10,000 energy saving bulbs for replacing in BMA’s fresh markets

15. Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal: Local Cooperation 7. Ban Lae Suan Co.Ltd. - Publication of “50 designs for home decoration to combat global warming” 6. Rotary Club - Tree planting program

16. Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal: International Cooperation 1. Large Cities Climate Summit 2007 C40 cities in New York City, 14 – 17 May 2007 2. World Bank -City Development Strategy and Municipal Capacity Building -Sectoral Strategy Implementation; Preparation of an environment strategy and action plan, BRT, and SWM and carbon financing project, etc. -Comprehensive Improvement & Quality of life in selected area -C40 workshop on transport and congestion in London, 3-5 Dec 2007 hosted by the Greater London Authority and the City of Stockholm

17. Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal: International Cooperation 3. UNEP 4. Clinton Climate Initiatives -Building Retrofit Program - Awareness Building and Monitoring; Bangkok Assessment Report on Climate Change - Awareness Pilot Demonstration; Eco-house, Building Retrofit and Clean Vehicle - Bangkok towards environmental capital of ASEAN

18. “How to live under climate change in Bangkok” We need cooperation and participation from all sectors namely government, media, press, private sector, entrepreneurs, NGOs and social groups to help distributing knowledge and information and educating people for better understanding of climate change alleviation. Simple actions in daily life such as unplug electrical appliances after using, waste minimization and separation, and walk in near distance instead of using car, if each everyone of us does together, it will also create a great impact to the better environment in our city. All sectors and residents can work hand in hand to fight against climate change which will consequently result in improvement of the environment, human health and sustainable growth of the city. Key Messages

19. Thank You