Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

The abrupt transition from theta to hyper- excitable spiking activity in stellate cells from layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex Horacio G. Rotstein.

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "The abrupt transition from theta to hyper- excitable spiking activity in stellate cells from layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex Horacio G. Rotstein."— Presentation transcript:

1 The abrupt transition from theta to hyper- excitable spiking activity in stellate cells from layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex Horacio G. Rotstein Department of Mathematical Sciences New Jersey Institute of Technology Network Synchronization: From dynamical systems to neuroscience Leiden (NL) - May 27, 2008

2 Collaborators  Tilman Kispersky Program in Neuroscience - Boston University  Nancy Kopell Math & Center for BioDynamics – Boston University  Martin Wechselberger Math – University of Sidney  John White Biomedical Engineering – University of Utah

3 Entorhinal Cortex & Hippocampus Photomicrograph of a section through the rat hippocampal region (Gluck & Myers). Adapted from Amaral & Witter (1989). Photomicrograph of a section through the rat hippocampal region (Gluck & Myers). Adapted from Amaral & Witter (1989)

4 Stellate cells (SCs)  Entorhinal cortex (EC) is the interface between the neocortex and the hippocampus.  Information flows from the neocortex to the hippocampus through the superficial layers (II and III) of the EC.  SCs are the most abundant cell type in layer II of the EC.  SCs are putative grid cells.

5 Subthreshold oscillations (STOs)  SCs develop rhythmic STOs at theta frequencies (8 – 12 Hz).  Spikes occur at the peaks of STOs but not at every cycle.  Interaction between two currents: h- and persistent sodium.  Single cell phenomenon Depolarization increases from 1 to 3 (Adapted from Dickson et al., J. Neurophysiol., 2000)

6 SCs: Theta regime (background)  SCs have intrinsic biophysical properties that endow them with the ability to display rhythmic activity in the theta frequency regime (8 – 12 Hz)  Subthreshold oscillations (STOs): interaction between a persistent sodium and a hyperpolarization-activated (h-) current.  Spikes  Mixed-mode oscillations (MMOs): STOs interspersed with spikes R., Oppermann, White, Kopell (JCNS – 2005) R., Wechselberger, Kopell (Submitted) Focus issue on MMOs (Chaos 2008)

7 SCs – Hyperexcitable regime (this project)  SCs have intrinsic biophysical properties that endow them with the ability to display spiking activity in the “gamma” frequency regime (~60 Hz).  This time scale can be uncovered by phasic excitation.  The frequency regime depends on a combination of intrinsic and network properties. Kispersky, White & R., Work in Progress.

8 SC dynamic structure Nonlinearities and multiple time-scales in the subthreshold regime:  How are they created?  How do they depend on the intrinsic SC biophysical properties?  How do they interact with synaptic (excitatory and inhibitory) inputs?

9 SC biophysical model

10

11

12 Subthreshold oscillations (STOs) and spikes in the SC model

13 STOs generated by persistent sodium channel noise in the SC model

14 Subthreshold Regime: Reduction of Dimensions Multiscale analysis:  Identification of the active and inactive currents  Identification of the appropriate time scales

15 Subthreshold Regime: Reduction of Dimensions Multiscale analysis:  Identification of the active and inactive currents  Identification of the appropriate time scales

16 Subthreshold regime: reduced SC model SC biophysical model Subthreshold regime

17 Subthreshold regime: reduced SC model

18

19 SC biophysical model Subthreshold regime

20 Subthreshold regime: reduced SC model

21 Nonlinear Artificially Spiking (NAS) SC model

22

23

24 Inhibitory inputs can advance the next spike by “killing” an STO.

25 Transition from theta to hyper-excitable (gamma) rhythmic activity Experimental (in vitro) results:  There exist recurrent connections among SCs.  These connections are “similar” in normal (control) and epileptic cells.  Recurrent inhibitory circuits are reduced in epileptic cells as compared to normal (control) ones. Recurrent circuits in layer II of MEC in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Kumar, Buckmaster, Huguenard, J. Neurosci. (2007)

26 Minimal S-I network model

27  A minimal S-S network reproduces the experimentally found transition form normal activity to hyper- excitability in SCs due to lack of inhibition

28 Minimal S-I network model  A minimal SIS network reproduces the experimentally found transition form normal activity to hyper- excitability in SCs due to lack of inhibition

29 Minimal SC network model (no inhibition)  A small increase in the SC recurrent synaptic conductance causes an explosion of the SC firing frequency

30 Minimal SC network model (no inhibition)  A small increase in the SC recurrent synaptic conductance causes an explosion of the SC firing frequency

31 Minimal S-I network model  A small increase in the inhibitory input to the SCs brings their frequency back to the theta regime

32 Single SC + autapse (no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation Single SC model representing a population of synchronized (in phase) SCs.

33 Single SC + autapse (no inhibition)  Effects of changes in the maximal conductances

34 Single SC + autapse (no inhibition)  Effects of changes in the maximal conductances

35 Single SC (no autapse - no inhibition)

36  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

37 Single SC (no autapse - no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

38 Single SC (no autapse - no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

39 Single SC (no autapse - no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

40 Single SC (no autapse - no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

41 Single SC (no autapse - no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

42 Single SC (no autapse - no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

43 Single SC (no autapse - no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

44 Single SC + autapse (no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

45 Single SC + autapse (no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

46 Single SC + autapse (no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

47 Single SC + autapse (no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

48 Single SC + autapse (no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

49 Single SC + autapse (no inhibition)  The abrupt changes in the SC firing frequency are the result of phasic (synaptic) and not tonic excitation

50 Single SC + autapse (no inhibition) Tilman Kispersky & John White Dynamic clamp experiments

51 Voltage record of a stellate cell coupled to itself. Inset: close up view of a single burst Under control conditions

52 Dynamic clamp experiments Voltage record of a stellate cell coupled to itself. Inset: close up view of a single burst Under linopiridine application (M-channel blocker)

53 Dynamic clamp experiments Freq. vs. current under control conditions

54 Dynamic clamp experiments

55 Minimal S-I network model

56 Summary  SCs have intrinsic biophysical properties that endow them with the ability to display rhythmic activity in the theta and “gamma” frequency regimes (nonlinearities and time scale separation)  In “normal” conditions SCs display theta rhythmic activity (STOs and MMOs.  Abrupt transitions resulting from recurrent excitation.  Theoretical predictions confirmed by dynamic clamp experiments (Tilman Kispersky)


Download ppt "The abrupt transition from theta to hyper- excitable spiking activity in stellate cells from layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex Horacio G. Rotstein."

Similar presentations


Ads by Google