1. Indefinite and Negative Words AP Spanish

2. Indefinite and Negative Words algo (something)nada (nothing) alguien (someone, anyone)nadie (no one, nobody) algún/alguno(a,os,as) ningún/ninguno(a,os,as) (some, any) (none, not any) siempre (always)nunca, jamás (never) también (also)tampoco (neither, not either) o…o… (either …or)ni…ni…(neither … nor)

3. Indefinite and Negative Words To make a sentence negative, generally a no is placed in front of the conjugated verb. If another negative word is used in front of the verb, no is not necessary. Nadie quiere comer. If an object pronoun is in front of the verb, the negative word goes in front of the object pronoun. Nadie lo quiere.

4. Indefinite and Negative Words Use as many negative words as necessary. (if one word is negative, they all are) Nadie quiere hacer nada. No veo a nadie nunca en este lugar.

5. Indefinite and Negative Words Generally algún and ningún are used before masculine singular nouns and alguno is used when there is no noun or in the phrase “alguno de …” alguna, algunos, algunas are used in front of nouns too.

6. Indefinite and Negative Words A personal a is needed before alguien and nadie, and before ningún, ninguno, and ninguna when they refer to people. ¿Conoces a alguien allí? No invité a ninguno de mis amigos.

7. Indefinite and Negative Words Nunca and jamás are synonyms but jamás is not used frequently. It is used in questions to mean ever. ¿Has caminado jamás tanto? Have you ever walked so much? When alguno si used after a noun, it has a negative meaning. No hay posibilidad alguna de ir al campo.

8. pero and sino pero is the equivalent to but in English. Llamé a Vicente pero ya había salido. I called Vicente but he had left already. sino is the equivalent to but also, but really means “(but) rather” or “(but) instead”. Sino: The 1st part of the sentence must be negative. Sino: It introduces an opposite or contrasting idea to the 1st part of the sentence. Esa caja no es para mí sino para ti. That box is not for me but rather (instead) for you.

9. pero and sino Sino que is used after a negative clause in a compound sentence if the second part has a conjugated verb (and thus needs que). Sino que introduces an opposite or contrasting idea to the 1st clause. No dijo que vendría sino que nos esperaría en la oficina. He didn’t say that he would come but rather (instead) that he would wait for us in the office.