1. America’s History Sixth Edition
Henretta • Brody • Dumenil
America’s History Sixth Edition
CHAPTER 8
Creating a Republican Culture,
Copyright © 2008 by Bedford/St. Martin’s and Matthew Ellington, Ruben S. Ayala High School

2. 1. The Capitalist Commonwealth
Banks, Manufacturing, and Markets
Transportation Bottlenecks and Government Initiatives
Public Policy: The Commonwealth System
2. Toward a Democratic Republican Culture
Social and Political Equality for White Men
Toward a Republican System of Marriage
Raising and Educating Republican Children
3. Aristocratic Republicanism and Slavery
The Revolution and Slavery,
The North and South Grow Apart
The Missouri Crisis,
4. Protestant Christianity as a Social Force
A Republican Religious Order
The Second Great Awakening
Women’s New Religious Roles

3. 1A: Banks, Manufacturing, and Markets
“Republicanism” had different meanings for people
Banking and rural manufacturing gave rise to a new capitalist economy
Panic of 1819: led to hostility against banks and foreshadowed regular business cycle
Market economy drawbacks: environmental damage, more work, economic dependence

4. 1B: Transportation Bottlenecks and Government Initiatives
Private turnpikes (e.g. Lancaster in PA) and canals (e.g. Erie in NY) greatly improved transportation
Federal government did not fund many “internal improvements” due to Republican opposition

5. 1C: Public Policy: The Commonwealth System
States legislatures and courts aided road, canal, and dam companies
Charters, monopolies, eminent domain, and limited liability were granted

6. 2A: Social and Political Equality for White Men
American society rewarded individual achievement and wealth over inherited position
More white men gained the right to vote while states excluded women and blacks

7. 2B: Toward a Republican System of Marriage
Sentimentalism encouraged marriage for love
Republican ideals (political equality) led to changes

8. 2C: Republican Motherhood
Birthrate declined sharply beginning in late 1700s
Society began to view women as keeper’s of virtue

9. 2D: Raising and Educating Republican Children
Parenting differed between rural and upper class
Schooling seen as necessary only for 3 R’s
Little American literature of note until 1830s

10. 3A: The Revolution and Slavery, 1776-1800
Tens of thousands gained freedom in US Revolution
Northern states slowly outlawed slavery after the war
Prosser uprising and need for slaves in deep south turned many whites against emancipation

11. 3B: The North and South Grow Apart
Slavery led to cultural/educational differences
Cotton boom, new southern states increased slavery
American Colonization Society failed to export slaves

12. 3C: The Missouri Crisis Tallmadge amendment tried to end slavery in MO
Slavery from “necessary evil” to “positive good”
Clay’s Missouri Compromise postponed a crisis

13. 4A: A Republican Religious Order
Rev. War encouraged separation of church & state
States usually provided indirect aid to churches

14. 4B: The Second Great Awakening
Baptists and Methodists gained most during revivals--they were self-governing, emotional
Circuit preachers such as Finney traveled large areas
Slave Christianity focused on plight of Hebrews in OT
Second Great Awakening fostered religious cooperation and reform movements

15. 4C: Women’s New Religious Roles
Christian republicanism bolstered women’s authority
Women were 70% of Congregationalists by 1820
Women took over school teaching profession