2. THE MOST COMMON QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RELATED TO DINASE DINATEC INC. Diversified Nutri-agri Technologies “A dynamic approach to nutri-agri product research and development”

3. Presenting Dinase

4. All you want to know about Dinase as a urease inhibitor What is Dinase? Dinase is a new high technology feed additive that inhibits urease activity and therefore reduces ammonia gas levels and other odors in the organic waste of the animal, and the environment. How does the enzyme urease produce ammonia ? Urease enzyme converts urea and other nitrogenous compounds to ammonia and carbon dioxide. Increased dietary protein will also increase ammonia excretion.

5. What is the active ingredient of Dinase ? Dinase is a naturally concentrated extract of the Yucca schidigera plant obtained through a low temperature pressing process, thereby assuring retention of natural ingredients and efficacy. The extracts are then absorbed by a high tech mineral carrier. Other brands may be heat extracted which destroys the active ingredient. Diversified Nutri-Agri Technologies

6. How does Dinase work ? Dinase inhibits urease activity in the intestines. Dinase reduces ammonia concentration in the intestines Dinase decreases PVDO ( Portal Vein Drained Organs) including mucosal tissue turn-over rate Dinase reduces oxygen and nutrient demand of PVDO (Portal Vein Drained Organs) therefore making these available for improved growth and feed conversion. Example of improved performance.

7. Why is ammonia gas dangerous to animal health ? Ammonia is an irritating and toxic gas that is excreted in the feces and urine of animals. This gas must therefore be detoxified in the liver which uses energy which is supposed to be conserved by the animal for muscle building and other productive purposes. As a result of continued exposure to ammonia, feed intake, sexual maturity and rate of lay will be affected negatively. Aerial ammonia likewise, increase the incidence of respiratory infections due to irritation in the respiratory tract. Feed conversion efficiency is also affected which is very uneconomical for the raiser. It is therefore important for the raiser to have an awareness for the potential loss in the performance of animals exposed to prolonged high levels of ammonia.

8. In Pigs 4.5%, better Feed efficacy and 4.9% better growth. In Layers 4-6, more eggs/ In Dairy Cattle, 3.5 lb. more milk/cow/day In Broilers, 40% reduction in ascitis mortality. Results, that's the name of the game

9. How are we going to detect ammonia in the animal house? A rule of thumb is that if there is a burning sensation to the human eye, when the atmospheric ammonia is 50 PPM or above. There are other objective methods of measurement. Please call our office for more information.

10. What are the advantages of Dinase Based on tests conducted, Dinase not only diminishes ammonia emanations but urease activity as well, so that the effect is not that of ammonia binding, but inhibition of the urease enzyme. This is the technological advantage of a UREASE INHIBITOR like Dinase over regular AMMONIA BINDING products.

11. To better explain, one enzyme can continue to break down urea to carbon dioxide and ammonia almost indefinitely unless somehow damaged. This would mean that, for example, with a life rotation of 1,000 to 1 urease enzyme, the amount of ammonia that we have to bind would be 1,000 fold compared to the amount of the enzymes that would have to be inhibited to produce similar results. For this reason Dinase as a urease inhibitor has a much more effective technology than binding ammonia. Our investigation shows that there is a direct inhibitory effect over the urease enzyme which diminishes ammonia and carbon dioxide emanations. Dinase can inhibit urease enzyme approximately 50 % which is the most effective treatment range. This results in 50 % reduction in ammonia levels in the intestine and in the environment. Why does it work so well?

12. Aside from ammonia, can Dinase also inhibit other gases or odor ? Yes. Studies in dogs fed with Dinase showed a 50 % reduction of skatole and indole in dog's feces. (Skatole and indole are the by-products of bacterial degradation of amino acids. These are also the compounds that are responsible for the boar odor in swine.) It was concluded that the reduction was due to the alteration of bacterial population in the intestine of the animals.

13. What are the economic advantages that we can get from using Dinase ? Results from swine and poultry experiments abroad revealed the following : In swine, Dinase : Reduces environmental ammonia by 50 % Reduces intestinal ammonia by 50 - 60 % Improves Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) by 4% Improves weight gain by 4% Increases weaned pigs/sow/year by 1.3

14. In broilers : Weight gain increases by 2 % Improves Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) by 2% Reduces ascites mortality by 40%

15. How much Dinase will I put in feeds or in water ? Dinase is prepared in several forms; one is liquid which contains 50% or 10 % of the active component another is dry which has a pure water soluble 100 % active ingredient powder, Dinase 100 WS DRY, a 500 gram per metric ton inclusion rate Dinase 500-IR, a 1000 gram inclusion rate, Dinase 1000-IR and a 30 % concentration Dinase 30 - FA (DRY) is included at 35 to 125 grams per ton of feed depending on the species and age of the animals. Dinase 50 - L (LIQUID) is included at 100 to 120 ml for every 1,000 liters of water depending on the species, age and season.

16. THE END Dinase