1. NitroEurope IP The nitrogen cycle and its influence on the European greenhouse gas balance 6 th FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY 6.3 - GLOBAL CHANGE AND ECOSYSTEMS

2. Context: Resource and delivery The Resources  NEU, COST 729, ESF NinE, …  Cluster: European Transboundary Nitrogen Activity (ETNA) Delivery target audiences  European Commission  International Conventions: WGs and negotiations  International Nitrogen Initiative (INI): European Nitrogen Centre (ENC)  Education and local stakeholders

3. Multi-pollutant interactions for nitrogen Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) Abatement may swap one pollutant for another in the nitrogen cascade Further NO & N 2 O Nitrate in streamwaters NH 4 NO 3 in precipitation Ammonia (NH 3 ) Nitric oxide (NO) Nitrate leaching NO 3 -

4. UNEP CBD SEBI 2010

5. NitroEurope IP What is the effect of reactive nitrogen supply on the direction and magnitude of net greenhouse gas budgets for Europe? To what extent would a more-integrated management of the N-cycle and its interactions with the C-cycle have potential to reduce greenhouse gas and N r emissions simultaneously? Effect of N on GHG balance: Positive effectUnclearNegative effect N 2 O (inc. 2’ sources)Cattle CH 4 C uptake in plants CH 4 wetlandsSOM decomposition

6. The NitroEurope IP C7. Standards and Data ManagementC9: NEU Training C8. NEU Management C10: NEU Dissemination 6 core science components … … plus 4 supporting components

8. Partner Involvement Funded partners: 65 institutions, inc 7 INCO.  Steering and Core Partners (leading groups, integration)  Major Partners (key deliverables)  Funded Associate Partners (extend the ERA) Involvement of unfunded associate partners  Mutual sharing of information  Clear acceptance criteria, by Activity  Associate Partners not unlimited: to maintain manageability and science excellence  Obvious interaction with COST 729

9. Component 1: NEU Flux Network Tiered structure: Level 3 (“Super Sites”): N and GHG fluxes: Core Measurements + Special Topics. Includes high cost micromet methods and process analysis. Level 2 (“Regional Sites”): Basic N and GHG flux monitoring, e.g. COTAG, simple cuvettes Level 1 (“Inferential Sites”): Basic N air concentration measurements at 50 CO 2 flux sites. e.g. DELTA low cost denuders.

10. NEU Flux & Manipulation Networks 13 Level 3 Super Sites 9 Level 2 Regional Sites 50 Level 1 Inferential Sites 22 Core Manipulation Sites 14 Assoc. Manipulation Sites

11. NEU Flux Network Sites in Climate Space

12. Component 2: NEU Manipulation

13. Component 3: NEU Plot Modelling

14. Overlays: Fields, farmsteads: source areas Forest & shrub: sink areas Local hydrological dispersion Local atmospheric dispersion Farm decision making units Conservation decision units Component 4: NEU Landscapes

15. Landscapes integrate multiple spatial scales relevant for multi-pollutant assessment Farmsteads Farm units (fields & buildings) Water dispersion Atmospheric dispersion

16. Component 5: NEU Integration

17. Remaining problem areas in 2020 Light blue = no risk Forests – acid dep. Semi-natural – acid dep.Freshwater – acid dep. Health - PMHealth+vegetation - ozoneVegetation – N dep. IIASA, Amann

18. Component 6: NEU Verification

19. NEU Data Management System

20. Lots to do! Started 1 February 2006 First General Assembly: Garmisch, March 2006 Synergy with other activities, e.g. COST 729, NinE, INI  e.g. joint workshops on cross-cutting activities.  database development and sharing information  A mechanism for disseminating policy interactions and communicating with stakeholders  … http://www.nitroeurope.eu neu@ceh.ac.uk

21. ESF – Research Network Programme Nitrogen in Europe (NinE) Running for 5 years, started March 2006 Aims to integrate European research and researchers Delivering an assessment report of the state of European nitrogen, sources, transfor- mations and impacts, as well as establishing a basis to recommend future solutions

22. COST Action 729 Assessing and managing nitrogen fluxes in the atmosphere- biosphere system in Europe  Combining knowledge of various research areas to provide a scientific basis for an integrated approach to nitrogen management; requiring knowledge on:  The formation of reactive nitrogen and the resulting emissions to the atmosphere  Transport, transformation and deposition  Integrated assessment modelling  Policy analysis and support www.cost729.org