2. Elements:  Ethanolamine  Sodium carbonate  Ammonia Facts:  Permanent is known to be “irreversible.”  The process requires two separate formulations to be mixed together just before application to the hair.  The process usually takes 20 to 40 minutes, while chemical reactions take place.

3.  Ethanolamine, also called 2- aminoethanol or monoethanolamine, is an organic chemical compound that is both a primary amine and a primary alcohol. Like other amines, monoethanolamine acts as a weak base.

4. Sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. It most commonly occurs as a crystalline heptahydrate, which readily effloresces to form a white powder, the monohydrate.

5.  Ammonia or azane is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3. It is a colorless gas with a characteristic pungent smell.

7.  Is an organic compound that is naturally found in coconut oil.  It is by far the safest alkaline agent available in hair coloring today.  It has a tendency to gently swell the hair cuticle open rather than causing any corrosion associated with ammonia  A lot of permanent hair coloring lines use this as their primary alkaline agent for advanced professionalism.

8.  it is most commonly known as “soda ash” or “washing soda”  It opens the cuticle of the hair slightly  It is sufficiently needed to lift the cuticle of the hair.  It should be considered when selecting a healthier and better performing alternate to ammonia based hair color.

9.  It is used to lift the cuticle of the hair allowing the pigments to penetrate into the hair shaft  It also oxidizes to create a permanent color effect.  It is a caustic corrosive that irreversibly damages the cuticle during the hair color process  It corrodes both the sebaceous glands and hair follicles in the scalp, leading to brittle and thinning hair.