1. CLASS PRESENTATION - SOD Jessica Perry

2. QUESTION Will heat be released during Acid / Base chemical reactions?

3. HYPOTHESIS I hypothesize that some chemical reactions will produce heat and some will not. I think that reactions with stronger chemicals will produce heat.

4. PH CHART 14Liquid drain cleaner, Custic Soap Examples of solutions and their respective pH 13bleaches, oven cleaner 12 Soapy water 11 Household ammonia 10 milk of magnesium 9 toothpaste 8 baking soda, seawater, eggs 7 "pure" water 6 milk 5 acid rain, black coffe 4 tomato juice 3 grapefruit & orange juice, soft drink 2 lemon juice, vinegar 1 hydrochloic acid secreted from the stomach lining 0 battery acid

5. MATERIALS AND PROCEDURE

6. MATERIALS Acids (200 ml each) – Lemon juice – Vinegar – Soft drink – Orange juice – Coffee – Milk Bases (200 ml each) – Baking soda – Toothpaste – Milk of magnesium – Ammonia – Bleach – Drain cleaner

7. MATERIALS (CONT.) Beakers Digital thermometer Data sheet Distilled water Graduated cylinder Litmus paper

8. PROCEDURE Procedure 1.Put 100ml distilled water and thermometer in a beaker 2.Stir to a constant temp. 3.Record temp. 4.Put 50ml acid and 50ml base in separate containers 5.Make each chemical constant temperature 6.Record temp. 7.Add acid and base to beaker with distilled water at same time 8.Record temp. every 2 seconds for 20 sec. 9.Clean beakers 10.Repeat with all acid / base combinations

9. DATA AND GRAPHS

10. MILK WITH EACH BASE

11. LEMON JUICE WITH EACH BASE

12. ORANGE JUICE WITH EACH BASE

13. VINEGAR WITH EACH BASE

14. SODA WITH EACH BASE

15. DATA CHARTS The data charts show the acid on top and the bases listed down the side The temperatures are listed in 2 second intervals horizontally across the chart The reaction with the base on top and the acids on the side

16. MILK DATA CHART Milk Milk of magnesium17 bleach17.517.918.118.418.718.919.319.419.5 Drain cleaner17.317.617.717.91818.218.418.818.5 Ammonia16.4 Baking soda14.714.314.214.114.013.813.713.6

17. ORANGE JUICE DATA CHART Orange Juice Ammonia17.2 17.3 Drain cleaner 17.818.218.418.518.9 19.0 19.1 Bleach17.317.718.118.418.518.7 18.818.9 Milk of magnesiu m 16.316.416.516.6 16.7 16.8

18. LEMON JUICE DATA CHART Lemon Juice Baking Soda17.817.117.016.916.716.6 16.7 ammonia12.213.413.513.6 Milk of magnesium 20.821.221.321.72222.422.522.622.722.8 Drain cleaner18.219.42020.2 20.320.420.620.721 Bleach17.818.518.919.219.619.82020.32021.3

19. SODA DATA CHART Soda - Coke bleach17.417.5 17.6 Milk of magnesium 17.417.5 17.6 Drain cleaner17.517.617.517.7 17.8 17.9 Ammonia16.9 17.0 Baking soda13.714.015.813.415.813.413.313.1 13.6

20. MILK DATA CHART milk Milk of magnesium 17 Bleach17.517.918.118.418.718.919.319.4 19.5 Drain cleaner17.317.617.717.9 18 18.418.818.5 Ammonia16.4 Baking soda14.714.314.214.11413.813.713.6

21. PICTURE

22. LEMON JUICE AND BAKING SODA This is how full it was before the baking soda

23. CONCLUSION Acid / base reactions do produce heat. With different strength chemicals more or less heat is produced. My hypothesis was correct in that there was heat produced in most acid base reactions.