1. Nonmetals Sulfur Opposite properties of metals Not shiny
Poor conductors
Mostly gases (at room temperature)
Solids are brittle
Sulfur

2. Reactivity of Nonmetals
Low
Low
High
Nonmetals will usually gain or share electrons when they react with other elements

3. Carbon Family
Group 14
Can gain, lose, or share 4 electrons when reacting with other elements.
Carbon is the only nonmetal
All living things have carbon atoms
Other examples: coal, gasoline, diamonds
 Carbon

4. Nitrogen Family Group 15 Only 2 nonmetals – nitrogen and phosphorus
80% of the atmosphere (air) is nitrogen
Always found in groups of two
Diatomic molecule
Pure nitrogen in a glass vile 

5. Oxygen Family
Group 16
Gain or share 2 electrons when reacting with other elements
Oxygen can be a diatomic (air) or triatomic molecule (ozone)
Sulfur – used to make rubber, tires, and sulfuric acid
Pure sulfur 

6. Halogen Family Carbon and flourine make nonstick coating on pans
Group 17
“Halogen” means “salt forming”
Very reactive and dangerous in pure form
Gain or share 1 electron when reacting with other elements
Examples:
Carbon and flourine make nonstick coating on pans
Flourine is put in water to prevent tooth decay
Pure iodine evaporating to a purple gas 

7. Noble Gases Group 18 Unreactive, do not lose, gain, or share electrons
Found in the atmosphere
Example: Helium, neon lights
Neon in its pure form 

8. Hydrogen – No Family Doesn’t belong to any family
Properties differ from other elements
Makes up 90% of the atoms in the universe
Makes up only 1% of Earth’s crust
Hard to find in its pure form on Earth
Orion Nebula – 80% Hydrogen 

9. Metalloids Inbetween metals and nonmetals Solids (at room temp)
Brittle and hard
Semiconductors – can conduct electricity under some conditions but not others.
Very important for computer chips
Example:
Silicon – found in sand and glass
Pure silicon

10. Assignment At-Home Activity on p. 135
- Read the directions and clues on p carefully.
Write down five examples you find and describe the properties of halogens also in a few sentences.
5 Examples of Halogens
Toothpaste – Flouride
Properties of Halogens
Halogens have several properties….