1. Biochemistry Review

2. What occurs when a peptide bond forms between two amino acids?
Oxygen is released.
Water is released.
Oxygen is added.
Water is added.
Answer: B

3. What does DNA stand for?
Answer: Deoxyribonucleic acid

4. This element is capable of forming long chains almost limitless in length.
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Carbon
Answer: D

5. A carbon based compounds are known as:
Inorganic compounds
Organic Compounds
Substrates
Enzymes
Answer: B

6. Fertilizers containing radioactive nitrogen compounds are used in growing experimental plants. In which molecules would these compounds be detected first?
Sugar
Starch
Proteins
Fats
Answer: C

7. One of the carbon compounds found in a cell has twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms. This compound most likely belongs to the group of substances known as:
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Answer: D

8. The compound represented by this structural formula is a(n):
Amino Acid
Lipid
Fatty Acid
Monosaccharide
Answer: D

9. Which are the four most abundant elements in living cells?
Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen
Carbon, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus
Carbon, sulfur, hydrogen, magnesium
Answer: B

10. Starches & sugars are examples of what?
Answer: Carbohydrates

11. Names of sugars usually end in:
Ose
Ase
Named after the reaction they catalyze
Acid
Answer: A

12. The smallest units of sugars are called:
Amino acids
Monosaccharide
Starches
Polypeptides
Answer: B

13. This type of compound has a hydrogen to oxygen ration much greater than 2:1.
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Answer: B

14. What is a polymer?
What the enzyme and substrate form.
The reaction that creates disaccharides.
A type of protein.
Long chain of repeating units.
Answer: D

15. Steriods, which are chemical messengers are what type of organic compound?
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Answer: B

16. Which of the following is not part of a nucleotide?
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous base
Polypeptide bond
5 Carbon sugar
Answer: C

17. One gram of fat stores how much more energy than one gram of carbohydrates?
10x
100x 2x 4x
Answer: C

18. When one of the fatty acids contain one double it is considered:
Saturated
Unsaturated
Polyunsaturated
Amino Acid
Answer: B

19. When monomers join together, what do they form?
Amino acids
Polymers
DNA
Enzymes
Answer: B

20. This molecule combines with 3 fatty acids to make a lipid:
Amino Acid
Nucleotide
Glycogen
Glycerol
Answer: D

21. The location where the substrate binds to an enzyme is known as:
Active site
Chemical reaction
Nucleotide
Dehydration synthesis
Answer: A

22. Proteins contain this element in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Phosphorus
Sodium
Nitrogen
Helium
Answer: C

23. Living things use this as their main source of energy:
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Answer: B

24. Give one example of a monosaccharide:
Answer: glucose, galactose, fructose

25. What does a catalyst do?
Forms long chains of molecules.
Speeds up a chemical reaction.
Breaks down molecules into smaller pieces.
Makes amino acids.
Answer: B

26. What is the reaction that helps make long chains of compounds?
Dehydration synthesis
Enzyme substrate complex
Hydrolysis
Catalyst
Answer: A

27. Proteins are composed of smaller units known as:
Nucleotides
Amino acids
Enzymes
Monosaccharides
Answer: B

28. How many amino acids do living organisms use to synthesize their proteins?12 2 10 20
Answer: D

29. Which of the following is an example of a monosaccharide?
Maltose
Valine
DNA
Glucose
Answer: D

30. What binds to an enzyme?
Lipid
Protein
Substrate
Sugar
Answer: C

31. List the three different types of lipids.
Answer: Fats, oils, waxes.

32. What is this?
What molecule is the arrow pointing to?
Answer: Cell Membrane, Lipid