1. Plant Science

2.  In this unit you will learn about: Plant and animal cells Structure of a plant (leaf, stem, root, etc) Photosynthesis, Respiration, Osmosis, Translocation, Active Transport, etc. Sexual Reproduction in a flowering plant. Plant hormones Food Biomolecules and their tests.

5. Plant Cells  Has a cell Wall  Has a large Vacuole  Has Chloroplasts Animal Cells  Has no cell wall  Has small vacuoles  Has no Chloroplast

6.  Photosynthesis  Transpiration  Gaseous Exchange  Food Storage

8. Stomata- Gaseous Exchange

9.  Lenticels-Gaseous Exchange in Stems

10.  State 3 differences between plant and animal cells.  Give 4 functions of a leaf.  Where does gaseous exchange take place in the leaf?.  Where does gaseous exchange take place in the stem?.

14.  Is the loss of water vapour from the surface of the leaf of the plant

18.  The movement of food around the plant.  Phloem tissue  In both directions  Sugar is transported from the leaf to the root. Beet root. Vascular Tissue  Xylem- transports water and minerals.  Phloem- transports food.

20.  Parenchyma Cells-Photosynthetic Cells  Schlerenchyma Cells- Strengthening Cells  Collenchyma Cells- Strengthening Cells  Meristematic Tissue- cell Division  Ground Tissue- bulk of cell. Photosynthesis takes place here.  Vascular Tissue- Transport tissue  Xylem- Transports Water and Minerals  Phloem- transports food

21.  State the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis.  Define the term Transpiration.  Define the term Translocation.  Name 2 types of vascular tissue and give their functions.  Name the cells responsible for strengthening?  Name the cells where photosynthesis takes place?  Name the cells responsible for cell division

22.  1. Transports water, minerals from the roots.  2. Transports food from the leaf  3. Supports the aerial part of the plant  4. Stores food e.g. potatoes

23.  T.S. Monocot  T.S. Dicot

25.  Functions  Food Store  Anchorage

26.  Is the movement of water from an area of high concentration of water to an area of low concentration of water across a semi permeable barrier

28.  Is the movement of gases from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

29.  Is the movement of substances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. It requires energy.

31.  Give functions of the root  Give functions of the stem  Define osmosis, active transport and diffusion.  Compare Monocots to Dicots.

33.  Is the transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another plant  Self Pollination – when pollination occurs between flowers on the same plant.  Cross Pollination- when pollination occurs between flowers of the same species but on different plant.

34.  Insect Pollinated  Lily  Large Flowers  Scented  Brightly coloured  Male and female parts inside flower  Sticky pollen grains  Small pollen grains  Wind pollinated  Grass  Smaller flowers  Not scented  Not brightly coloured  Male and female parts outside the petals  Smooth Pollen grains  Large amount of pollen

36.  Is the fusion of the male gamete with the female gamete.  It forms a Zygote

37. The zygote divides repeatedly until it forms the embryo that will contain: 1 or 2 cotyledons with a food store Plumule Radicle The ovary becomes the fruit

38.  Is the transfer of the seeds/fruit away from the parent plant  Wind  Water  Animal  Self

40.  Where a plant suspends all growth and metabolism  Shortage of hormones  Low temperature  Growth inhibitors  Maximises growth of the plant.  Allows for seed dispersal  Ensures survival

41.  Is the regrowth of a plant after a period of dormancy  Conditions necessary  Water  Oxygen  Warmth

45.  Name the male and female parts of the flower.  What is a calyx and a corolla.  Define pollination, fertilisation, dormancy and germination.  Differentiate between self and cross pollination.  Compare wind pollinated flowers to insect pollinated flowers.  What does a plumule and a radicle develop into?  Define Dormancy  List the conditions necessary for germination.  Describe Epigeal and Hypogeal germination using examples.

47. If the cotyledons absorb the endosperm the seed is NON-ENDOSPERMIC= Broad Bean If the cotyledons absorb only some of the endosperm the seed is ENDOSPERMIC = Maize.

48.  Annuals/perennial- Complete their lifecycle in one year  Biennials- it takes 2 years to complete their lifecycle. In the first year the plant grows leaves, stems, and roots (vegetative structures), then it enters a period of dormancy over the colder months. During the next spring or summer, the stem of the biennial plant elongates greatly, The plant then flowers, producing fruits and seeds before it finally dies.

49.  Naturally produced in the root and shoot tip.  It promotes cell elongation  Stimulates fruit development.  Promotes root development.(rooting agent)  Control apical dominance  Its used in seedless fruits: Parthenocarpic fruit  IAA

50.  Encourages cell elongation  Promotes seed germination  Cytokinin. Used as a herbicide by massively increasing rate of growth and the plant cannot produce enough food and it dies!

51.  A growth response to a stimulus.  Phototropism- A growth response to light  Geotropism- a growth response to gravity  Thigmotropism- a growth response to touch  Chemotropism- A growth response to chemicals  Hydrotropism- A growth response to water  Thermotropism- A growth response to temperature.

53. Clinostat.

56.  What is a tropism.  What is phototropism and geotropism?  What piece of apparatus is used to show geotropism?  Define Aerobic respiration  Give a balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration.

57.  An indicator species is a species that shows the conditions in habitat.  Examples Wet: rushes, moss, buttercup. Dry/Sandy: Thistle. Low in lime (acidic): Plaintain/rhododendron Rich in Lime (alkaline) : Clovers, Chickweed.

58. StarchProteinReducing Sugar Vitamin C% Sugar ReagentIodineBiuretsBenedicts Reagent DCPIP R efractometer SourcePotato, Starch solution Peas, MilkGlucose Solution OrangeGrass, beet, etc. Initial Colour Golden Brown Blue Positive Colour Blue BlackPurpleBrick RedYellow