1. Patterns in Nature Dot Point 4 Review
Year 11 Biology

2. Question 1
Provide an example for the movement of a chemical from the external environment into the organism

3. Question 2
What is the term used to describe the movement of chemicals into the body, within the body and out of the body

4. Question 3
Why is it so important that multicellular organisms have transports systems?

5. Question 4
What is the difference between breathing and respiration?

6. Question 5
Explain the role of the respiratory system.

7. Question 6
Name 2 parts of the respiratory system.

8. Question 7
What is the purpose of the transport system?

9. Question 8
What is the purpose of the Excretory System

10. Question 9
Name 2 different types of wastes that an organism will expel.

11. Question 10
All gaseous exchange surfaces share certain common features, name the 3

12. Question 11
In which part of the lungs in mammals, does the gaseous change take place?

13. Question 12
Why is it so important to have a large and thin surface area where gaseous exchange occurs?

14. Question 13
Explain how oxygen moves between the alveoli and blood stream. You must talk about concentration.

15. Question 14
What is the term given to breathing movements where air is drawn into and expelled from the respiratory organs

16. Question 15
Explain the role of internal gills in a fish

17. Question 16
Name one of the 3 surfaces frogs use for gaseous exchange
ANSWER:
Skin
Floor of the mouth
lungs

18. Question 17
Explain how insects overcome the difficulties posed by their habitat.

19. Question 18
Which statement best describes a closed circulatory system
A. Transport fluid leaves vessels and enters spaces or cavities
B. Transport fluid enters vessels and enters spaces or cavities
C. The transport fluid flows in vessels only
D. The transport fluid flows in arteries only

20. Question 19
Why are open circulatory systems not very efficient?

21. Question 20.
Outline how water is taking up from the roots to the leaves

22. Question 21.
What is the main difference between xylem and phloem?

23. ANSWERS

24. Question 1
Provide an example for the movement of a chemical from the external environment into the organism
ANSWER: oxygen from the air to the lungs for respiration
CO2 from the air into the plant for photosynthesis

25. Question 2
What is the term used to describe the movement of chemicals into the body, within the body and out of the body
ANSWER: Gases Exchange – gases move by diffusion across a membrane

26. Question 3
Why is it so important that multicellular organisms have transports systems?
ANSWER: multicellular organisms are bigger in size = SA:V is smaller.
Transport systems are important in Large animals because they need more nutrients and oxygen to provide them with energy and remove wastes. Transport systems allow this movement around the whole organism.

27. What is the difference between breathing and respiration?
Question 4
What is the difference between breathing and respiration?
ANSWER: The mechanical (physical) rhythmic process involving muscles and the skeleton, to allow an organism to inhale and exhale.
REspiration is to RElease energy from foods

28. Question 5
Explain the role of the respiratory system.
ANSWER: Allows an organism to take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from their bodies

29. Question 6
Name 2 parts of the respiratory system.
ANSWERS: mouth, nostrils, pharynx, trachea, lungs, bronchus (L&R) and alveoli

30. Question 7
What is the purpose of the transport system?
ANSWER: Is the link between all other systems in the body of an organism, ensuring cells are supplied with nutrients, gases and wastes removed.

31. Question 8
What is the purpose of the Excretory System
ANSWER: Involves expelling metabolic wastes from the body

32. Question 9
Name 2 different types of wastes that an organism will expel.
ANSWER: Urea, Uric Acid Ammomia, Urine, Carbon Dioxide

33. Question 10
All gaseous exchange surfaces share certain common features, name the 3
Answer:
Large surface area
A moist, thin surface
Near to an efficient transport system

34. Question 11
In which part of the lungs in mammals, does the gaseous change take place?
ANSWER: Alveoli

35. Question 12
Why is it so important to have a large and thin surface area where gaseous exchange occurs?
ANSWER:
Increased folds increase the respiratory surface allowing more gaseous exchange. Thin lining makes it easier for the gas to diffuse allow the membrane

36. Question 13
Explain how oxygen moves between the alveoli and blood stream. You must talk about concentration.
ANSWER:
Movement via diffusion from a high concentration of oxygen in the lung to a low concentration in the blood stream.

37. Question 14
What is the term given to breathing movements where air is drawn into and expelled from the respiratory organs
ANSWER:
Ventilation

38. Question 15
Explain the role of internal gills in a fish
ANSWER:
Only allows movement of water in one direction.
As water flows over the gills gaseous exchange takes place

39. Question 16
Name one of the 3 surfaces frogs use for gaseous exchange
ANSWER:
Skin
Floor of the mouth
lungs

40. Explain how insects overcome the difficulties posed by their habitat.
Question 17
Explain how insects overcome the difficulties posed by their habitat.
ANSWER:
Have an internal respiratory surface
In take and expel air through breathing pores (spiracles)
Have branching air tubes called tracheal tubes

41. Which statement best describes a closed circulatory system
Question 18
Which statement best describes a closed circulatory system
A. Transport fluid leaves vessels and enters spaces or cavities
B. Transport fluid enters vessels and enters spaces or cavities
C. The transport fluid flows in vessels only
D. The transport fluid flows in arteries only
ANSWER: C

42. Question 19
Why are open circulatory systems not very efficient?
ANSWER:
As fluid pressure is low, transport fluid circulates slowly

43. Outline how water is taking up from the roots to the leaves
Question 20.
Outline how water is taking up from the roots to the leaves
ANSWER: Osmosis – soil high concentrations of water, moving to a low concentration in the roots. Water is then transported up the stem through the xylem and phloem and into the leaves.

44. Question 21.
What is the main difference between xylem and phloem?
ANSWER: Xylem transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves (one way)
Phloem transports sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant.