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3. 1 1 KS3 SCIENCE - PHYSICS KS3 SCIENCE - PHYSICS States of Matter

4. STATES OF MATTER 2 2

5. 3 3 Matter can exist in solid, liquid or gaseous form, depending on the temperature, e.g. steam, water or ice Matter can exist in solid, liquid or gaseous form, depending on the temperature, e.g. steam, water or ice

6. STATES OF MATTER 4 4IceWaterSteam 50 0 100 0 00 -50 0 150 0 Temperature in degrees Centigrade

7. STATES OF MATTER 5 5 Solids have a definite shape and volume, and they are hard to compress Solids have a definite shape and volume, and they are hard to compress

8. STATES OF MATTER 6 6 Liquids have a definite volume, but no definite shape, and they are hard to compress Liquids have a definite volume, but no definite shape, and they are hard to compress

9. STATES OF MATTER 7 7 Gases have no definite volume and no definite shape, and they are easy to compress Gases have no definite volume and no definite shape, and they are easy to compress

10. PARTICLE MOVEMENT 8 8

11. 9 9 Matter is made up of tiny particles, called “Atoms”, or clusters of atoms stuck together, called “Molecules” Matter is made up of tiny particles, called “Atoms”, or clusters of atoms stuck together, called “Molecules” In solids, the molecules are attracted to each other and packed tight In solids, the molecules are attracted to each other and packed tight

12. PARTICLE MOVEMENT 10 But while the molecules stay in their rows, they vibrate constantly But while the molecules stay in their rows, they vibrate constantly

13. PARTICLE MOVEMENT 11 Liquids also have molecules quite close together, so they are hard to compress Liquids also have molecules quite close together, so they are hard to compress But in liquids, the temperature is higher and so the movement of molecules is faster But in liquids, the temperature is higher and so the movement of molecules is faster

14. PARTICLE MOVEMENT 12 The molecules move fast enough to escape the attraction and slide past each other, so the shape can change The molecules move fast enough to escape the attraction and slide past each other, so the shape can change

15. PARTICLE MOVEMENT 13 Gases have molecules that are far apart, so they are easy to compress Gases have molecules that are far apart, so they are easy to compress In gases molecules move very rapidly In gases molecules move very rapidly

16. PARTICLE MOVEMENT 14 The molecules move so fast that the gas expands to fill any space available The molecules move so fast that the gas expands to fill any space available

17. DISSOLVING & SOLUTIONS 15

18. DISSOLVING & SOLUTIONS 16 When a solid “Dissolves” in a liquid, a “Solution” is formed, which is a liquid When a solid “Dissolves” in a liquid, a “Solution” is formed, which is a liquid + + Solvent Solute Solution

19. DISSOLVING & SOLUTIONS 17 + + Solvent Solute Solution Solids that can dissolve are called “Soluble”, those that cannot are called “Insoluble”, and if no more solute can dissolve, the solution is “Saturated” Solids that can dissolve are called “Soluble”, those that cannot are called “Insoluble”, and if no more solute can dissolve, the solution is “Saturated”