1. Product Stewardship in action: modern hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents Nigel J. Sarginson Chair, American Solvents Council Chemcon, Singapore October 29th, 2003

2. 2 Presentation American Solvents Council Benefits of solvents Health and environmental issues Product Stewardship initiatives The future

3. American Solvents Council - part of the American Chemistry Council American Solvents Council American Solvents Council Task Groups Acetone Panel Ethylene and Propylene Glycol Ethers Panel Ethylene Glycol Panel Hydrocarbon Solvents Panel Isopropanol Panel Ketones Panel Oxo Process Panel Toluene/Xylene Panel Education/ Communication Education/ Communication Atmospheric Reactivity Atmospheric Reactivity International Associations CEFIC (ESIG), JCIA End-User Associations (NPCA, NACD, CSPA, etc.) Applied Exposure Assessment Applied Exposure Assessment

4. AMERICAN SOLVENTS COUNCIL Role: To promote the safe and environmentally responsible use of hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents To address environmental, health, and safety issues involving hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents, Work closely with regulators, customers, distributors, and end users. Council Members: –Dow Chemical Company –ExxonMobil Chemical Company –Shell Chemicals LP –Eastman Chemical Company –Lyondell Chemical Company –CITGO Petroleum Corporation –Sasol North America LLC

5. Modern hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents - bringing benefits to many applications

6. Volatile organic compounds (VOC)

7. Troposphere Ozone Stratosphere Ozone mixing Sun Light 50 km 10-16 km 0 km SUNLIGHT UV: 200-330 nm UV: > 330 nm: penetration to Earth’s surface Sea level NO 2 + O 2 NO + O 3 +other photochemical reactants VOC + O 2

8. VOC and Ozone air quality - US regulations and industry response Clean Air Act –Priority pollutants - NO2, SO2, Ozone, PM, CO, Pb Ozone reduction –VOC exemptions based on negligible reactivity –VOC/NOx emission control for industrial operations –Fuel and engine changes for transportation –Concentration limits for open applications - paints and coatings, consumer products –Low Vapour Pressure exemptions for consumer products –Revised VOC policy with greater role for reactivity under consideration Reactivity –US research has shown can be effective in reducing ozone in urban environments –Development of low reactivity products by industry

9. ethene 7.4 o -xylene 6.5 methanol 0.56 ethane 0.25 methane 0.015 Here are some examples ranked by MIR value: Reactivity can be expressed as Maximum Incremental Reactivity … the amount of grams of ozone formed per gram of VOC.....one hour peak ozone concentration formed during a day

10. Europe - Legislation UK D F It Nl IPPC Solvent Emissions Directive Auto Oil 1 & 2 Air Quality Framework Large Combustio n Plants

11. Solvent Emissions Directive - key aspects Adopted on March 11, 1999 - 2 year transposition into Member State Law Affects industrial users Allows flexibility in emission reduction 67% emission reduction by 2007 (versus 1990) A significant but manageable challenge for the solvents industry

12. Proposed Decorative Coatings Legislation Draft legislation currently passing through European Parliament and Council Concentration limits for solvent based and waterbased paints by key paint categories Limits to be introduced in 2007 and 2010 Benefits to improved ozone air quality questionable - proposed that Commission report on benefits Allows continued use of solvent based coatings for exterior and trim applications Clean Air For Europe - review of existing legislation Very ambitious ozone air quality standard of 60 ppb for 8 hours European Solvent Industry Group working with regulators and customers

13. Health effects - proactive replacement of harmful products Harmful ProductReplacement productApplication n-hexaneLow n-hexane productsAdhesives NeurotoxicIsohexane Aromatic White SpiritDearomatized andPaints and Irritant vapoursisoparaffinic productsCoatings Toxic to fish TolueneDearomatized solventsAdhesives Irritant/neurotoxic MnBKMEK/MIBKPaints and NeurotoxicCoatings

14. commitment to Product Stewardship www.americansolventscouncil.org www.esig.org

15. Product Stewardship Initiatives - ASC and ESIG Safe handling and regulatory information –Cutting through the maze (of US regulations) –Best Practice Guides - Managing Solvent Exposure/Flammability –Occupational Exposure Limits –Air Change Index –Exposure modelling –Solvents Do’s and Don’ts –Voluntary restrictions on sales of four glycol ethers (from large family of safe products Life Cycle Assessment Studies –Humber Bridge –Car Coatings Ozone Air Quality Studies VOC Abatement Advisor for emission reduction Opinion Former Surveys - Regulators, Customers, Trade Associations

16. RISKS AND BENEFITS OF SOLVENTS

17. Since 1889 - completely repainted 17 times Each repainting - 50 tonnes of paint 25 strong team - 12 months Six million tourists - non-drip paint Solvent based paints - quick drying, non-drip, compatible and optimum protection Solvents - protecting the world’s heritage

18. Hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents Solutions for the future - Solutions for the future - Solvents Make it Happen! Versatile performance benefits in a range of applications Modern solvents products - safe and environmentally acceptable Industry committed to Responsible Care and Product Stewardship Hydrocarbon and Oxygenated Solvents