1. OCSD Case Study Hydrogen from Sewage
SCAP Energy Management Committee Meeting
July 28, 2009
Layne Baroldi Environmental and Regulatory Affairs Supervisor Orange County Sanitation District 1

2. Orange County, California
OCSD Service Area 471 square miles 220 million gallons per day 2.5 million population 21 cities, 3 special districts 568 miles sewer lines pumping facilities treatment plants
Orange County, California
Newport
Beach
Fountain
Valley
Santa Ana
Los
Alamitos
Buena
Park
Fullerton
Tustin
Garden Grove
La Habra
Brea
Placentia
Yorba Linda
Anaheim
Orange
La Palma
Cypress
Westminster
Irvine
Stanton
Villa
Costa
Mesa
Huntington
Seal
Reclamation Plant No. 1
Treatment Plant No. 2
Pacific Ocean
Ocean Pipeline

3. Wastewater Plant Diagram
Influent
Effluent
Preliminary Treatment
Primary Treatment
Secondary Treatment
Solids Processing
Central Power Generation System Engines
Solids Reuse
Solids Dewatering
Digestors

6. Full-scale Hydrogen Energy Station
300kW molten carbonate fuel cell
From digester gas
Natural gas as a back up fuel source
Co-produce electric power, hydrogen and thermal energy

7. Industrial Environmental Coalition of Orange County
4/14/2017November 20, 2008
Participants + +
Orange Co. Sanitation District (OCSD) ---Host site/utilities/digester gas
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) – Cost sharing
Air Products and Chemicals (APCI) – Engineering/Operation
Fuel Cell Energy (FCE) – Fuel Cell Power Plant
National Fuel Cell Research Center (UCI) – Data acquisition/validation
South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) – Grant funding

8. 12-Month Study Determine quantity and quality of hydrogen
Maximize electricity and hydrogen
Optimize process efficiency
Establish a hydrogen fueling station
Analyze data to determine economic and environmental benefits

9. Environmental Goals Create an alternative to gasoline
Governor’s “Hydrogen Highway”
Emissions reduction from digester gas combustion
Clean / renewable energy source

11. Renewable H2 Energy Station Vision
Treatment Plant
Heat
Power
Fuel Cell
Biogas
Heat
Solids Treatment
Assume 1.5 – 1.7 Cars per Household (US = 1.7, Britain = 1.5)
The system we are demonstrating could easily support a 100 home community with electricity and hydrogen for fueling. Fuel Cell Energy’s larger product the DFC-1500 could support a 500 home community.
One thing you should note about this program is that we are harnassing the knowledge and efficiencies that reside in elements of existing technology. There is no fundamental novel advance in any one technology required but rather a combining of technologies, ideas, and people in a way that hopefully results in a technological breakthrough. Robert Fulton combined a steam engine with a sailing ship to radically alter global commerce. He didn’t invent the steamship so much as bring together the right technical components, business ideas, people to make it work. We haven’t invented the coproduction system but I do believe that we are bringing together the right technologies, the right people, and the right experiences that like the way Robert Fulton radically altered global commerce, we are hoping to radically alter global energy by advancing the development of a viable solution for hydrogen fueling infrastructure.
Hydrogen Fueling Station
Digesters
Natural gas (backup)

12. Hydrogen Co-Production using MCFC
Air
WGS Shift
Biogas
Heat Exchangers
Heat recovery
Water gas shift
Cooling and water recovery
Hydrogen recovery
Tailgas integration
H2 Purification
Hydrogen

13. Digester Gas Fed DFC® Power Plants Sierra Nevada Brewery, CA
Wastewater Treatment, Santa Barbara, CA
Sierra Nevada Brewery, CA
Kirin Brewery, Japan
This is a photo of two power plants in California. As you can see, they don’t take up a lot of room but they are kicking out a total of 500 kWs of power.
They are using what’s called anaerobic digester gas (produced when wastewater is treated) to generate the electricity that Santa Barbara uses to run the plant and the excess can be sold back to the electric company.
Provided by:

14. Fuel Cells can contribute to reducing targeted emissions
Industrial Environmental Coalition of Orange County
4/14/2017November 20, 2008
Fuel Cells can contribute to reducing targeted emissions
Target Reduction Fuel Cell Reduction
VOCs – 250 to 30 ppm (88%) VOC – ND
NOx – 40 to 11 ppm (73%) NOx – 0.3 ppm
CO – 600 to 200 ppm (67%) CO – 10 ppm
SCAQMD Rule on CGS 14

15. Industrial Environmental Coalition of Orange County
November 20, 2008
Layne Baroldi (714)
Orange County Sanitation District
Questions or to Schedule a Tour
OCSD plant tours can be scheduled Monday through Friday between 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. for groups of five or more. Reservations must be made at least two weeks in advance. OCSD will also offer regularly scheduled tours for individuals or groups of less than five on September 30, and November 25 from 9 to 10:30 a.m. 15

16. Central Power Generation System at Plant No .1

17. CNG Facility

18. CNG Dispensers