1. Stephanie Noble Advisor: Professor Benziger REU Partner: Chelsea Bonetti

2. Goals and Motivation Optimizing a Hydrogen Pump to Conserve Energy 1.Obtain un-polluted fuel (H 2 ) and pure waste (CO 2 ) 2.Prove theoretical high energy efficiencies with multi-stage design. WHAT: WHY: 1. Confirm theoretical performance of previous Multi-Stage Pump. 2. Design and optimize our own Multi-Stage Pump. i. Efficient/Effective ii. Portable iii. Minimal Energy Loss

3. Process Gases Enter Hydrogen/Carbon Mix Protons Cross Membrane Electrochemical Pumping Process Leftover Gas Exits In a Multi-Stage pump, these pass to the next stage. New CO2/H2 Ratio. How a Hydrogen Pump Works A Chemical Perspective

4. Single-Stage Advantages High Degree of Separation Low Temperature Operation Acts as a Pump Disadvantages Lower Efficiency Serpentine flow (previous models) HYDROGEN PUMP Why a Hydrogen Pump? A Comparison with the Conventional System I t ’ s C u s t o m i z a b l e ! BUT!... Multi-Stage Same Advantages Higher Theoretical Efficiency

5. Assembly of a Hydrogen Pump Brief Procedure

6. Linear Hydrogen Pump Design Challenges and Final Product STRENGTHS: Durable Thorough Mixing Ease-of-use WEAKNESSES: Difficult Screw Insulators Weak Luer Locks Uneven Pressure Distribution

7. More efficient than Commercial Current @ 0.8 V and Pure H2: Our Design: 1.31 A Commercial: ~0.7 A Our Design: Efficiency Efficiency, Extent of Separation vs. Voltage

8. Optimization Parameters Customizing a Single Unit Why is there an optimum voltage? Hydrogen can only cross the membrane so fast Limiting diffusion to and across the membrane What controls where the optimum occurs? Rate at which Hydrogen contacts the Membrane Feed: C/H Ratio, Flow rate Current vs. Voltage (Different C/H Ratios)

9. Data Analysis Analytical Program Set Parameters Set Optimum Values of Each Stage Analyze Data Analyze Data

10. Data Analysis Optimization Program Prepare Program Parameters Determine desired trends. Feed Condition  Optimal Voltage Fit with parameters determined experimentally. Design Program Report Optimal Voltage from Trend Alter Feed Conditions based on Previous Stages Prepare Program Parameters Determine desired trends. Feed Condition  Optimal Voltage Fit with parameters determined experimentally. Design Program Report Optimal Voltage from Trend Alter Feed Conditions based on Previous Stages

11. Conclusion Separate-Stage Design Increased effectiveness, durability, and ease-of use Program for Multi-Stage Analysis Observe efficiency/operation of both individual stages and Overall Process Separate Program for Optimizing a Single Stage Confirmation of Theoretical Process Observed similar trends However, more Conclusive Results TBD Our Design and Program facilitate future Confirmation What’s next?

12. Professor Jay Benziger May Jean Cheah Eric Gauthier Xuemei Wu PRISM/PCCM PEI Grand Challenges Program