1. Describe four physical differences between the dogs.

3. Physical Property: A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance. Chemical Property: A characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to CHANGE into different substances. Examples: color, melting point, flexibility Examples: combustion, rust, chemical weathering (acid rain)

4. Physical Properties of Minerals Hardness: Moh’s Scale of Hardness p. 106 Luster: Metallic or Non-Metallic? Glassy, greasy, opaque… Color: Least reliable

5. Color

6. Physical Properties of Minerals Effervesence: Reaction to weak acids Calcite and Dolomite (when powdered) Cleavage or Fracture: Breaks along planes of atomic weakness Density (Specific Gravity):

7. Cleavage Cubic Octahedron

8. Physical Properties of Minerals Streak: Color of mineral in powdered form Odor: Ex: sulfur Magnetism

9. Streak

10. CaCO 3 + HCl ==> CaCl 2 + CO 2 Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric acid YIELDS Calcium chloride and Carbon dioxide Effervescence

11. Chemical Formulas H20H20 Hydrogen Oxygen Subscript: shows the number of atoms of the atom to the left. (2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen) *subscript of “1” is not written in chemical formulas

12. Examples 1.NaCl = 2.CO 2 = 3.H 2 SO 4 = 4.O 2 = 5.Fe 2 O 3 = 6.H 3 PO 4 = 1 sodium (Na), 1 chlorine (Cl) Salt 1 carbon (C), 2 oxygen (O) 2 hydrogen (H), 1 sulfer (S), 4 Oxygen (O) 2 oxygen (O) 2 iron (Fe), 3 oxygen (O) 3 hydrogen (H), 1 phosphorous (P), 4 oxygen (O) Carbon dioxide Hematite, Rust