1. CEDR EFC Team 21.04.2005 in Oslo Ivar Christiansen, Norway

2. Norwegian Public Roads Administration EFC in the Nordic Region World’s first EFC (87) First Danish (98) and Swedish (00) toll systems AutoPASS (98-02) Fully automated (04) National interoperability in Norway (04) Swedish EFC-specification (04) NORITS (05)

3. Norwegian Public Roads Administration Scope NORITS aims to implement interoperability between EFC systems in the Nordic region on the basis of: One OBU – one Contract – one invoice The main objective: Implement full scale interoperability between existing and future payment systems for tolling (EFC) in the Nordic Region. First: Interoperability between Great belt, Oeresund, Svinesund and Norwegian AutoPASS installations and if possible, also the Stockholm Ring.

4. Norwegian Public Roads Administration Partners 3 Countries: Norway – Sweden – Denmark 4 Partners: 1.Sund & Belt Holding AS for the Great Belt Link 2.The Oeresund Bridge Consortium 3.The Swedish National Road Administration for the new Swedish systems (Svinesund, Stockholm) 4.The Norwegian Public Roads Administration (NPRA) for the AutoPASS system

5. Norwegian Public Roads Administration AutoPASS in Norway

6. Norwegian Public Roads Administration The Great Belt Bridge 330 M€ per year

7. Norwegian Public Roads Administration The Oeresund Bridge

8. Norwegian Public Roads Administration The Svinesund Bridge

9. Norwegian Public Roads Administration Project Organisation – Phase 2

10. Norwegian Public Roads Administration Project Phases Phase 1 was a feasibility study and documentation of needs, possibilities and functionality. It defined the project; level of ambition, content, value and economy. This phase ended July 2004 Phase 2 includes final specifications, procurement and implementation in the participating toll systems. On-going. Phase 3 will focus on transition from project to operation and include evaluation, revisions, and permanent organisation

11. Norwegian Public Roads Administration The Co-operation Principles Voluntary participation, project initiated by the operators All have a ”checkpoint” for continuation after each phase The customer’s needs and requirements are in focus Partners commit work-hours from competent resources Each partner is responsible for own resources and costs The common project costs are split equal on partners Consensus and agreement behind all major decisions Focus on existing systems and on flexibility for the future

12. Norwegian Public Roads Administration Basic Guidelines 1. CEN and ETSI standards for EFC and DSRC 2. EU directives, in particular the EFC directive 3. EU projects CARDME, CESARE II and PISTA 4. Nordic guidelines from the MÅNS project (2000) 5. Specifications from existing EFC installations 6. The new Swedish EFC specification

13. Norwegian Public Roads Administration Implementation Principles Every road-side equipment will accept all partner’s OBUs: BroBizz, PISTA and AutoPASS System architecture and contract structure from Cesare II and AutoPASS Additional user contracts possible to benefit from a variety of discount regimes. The NORITS service will be identified by signs at plazas Focus on existing systems and on flexibility for the future

14. Norwegian Public Roads Administration Road Side based Technical Interoperability AutoPASS OBUBroBizz OBUPISTA OBU A NORITS Toll Station Software AutoPASS Transaction Software PISTA Transaction Software BroBizz Transaction

15. Norwegian Public Roads Administration A full scale implementation project Introducing real cross-border interoperability Three countries involved NORITS supports evolution of EFC interoperability: –From National to Regional to European NORITS will be input to CESARE III and Comité Telepeage NORITS partners carry their own costs Conclusions

16. Norwegian Public Roads Administration What to learn for NRAs Interoperability Interoperability is a customer demand More problem areas to solve than expected Interoperability is NOT (mainly) a technical question Success criteria for NORITS –The partners are equally committed to seek solutions –Expertise with operational experience is heavily involved –NRAs took an active role –Mutual respect for differences –Industry is kept outside of project –No EC ”interference” Everything needs not to be clarified beforehand The user perspective must rule

17. Norwegian Public Roads Administration What to learn for NRAs Traffic Management EFC represents a valuable infrastructure for several TM and ITS applications The political aspects is obvious and needs special attention to support consistency (avoid referendums) Full fairness for road users not possible, but this issue is important Prices have to be set high to have permanent effect Public relation is difficult. Why pay? Price level? Differentiation? Alternative transport? Focus must be on the positive results for the public Acceptance must be ”high enough”

18. Norwegian Public Roads Administration What to learn for NRAs Implementation Specifications in control by NRA is valuable Low operation cost is an essential goal Use available results, create a small and effective organisation and short decision lines Everything needs not to be clarified beforehand Simple, comprehensible, user friendly Exemptions and discounts creates challenges Special attention on public relations is needed No marketing and introduction before system is perfect No limit to user questions – volume and type

19. Norwegian Public Roads Administration What to learn for NRAs Legal Aspects Tolling on existing roads is a often a legal problem Tolling ideally to be a fee and not a tax Legal base ideally on a national scale to have conformity Consumer rights must be addressed Personal integrity must be addressed Road pricing for demand management have additional legal consequences than paying for new roads Enforcement regimes needs special attention European harmonisation of nat. legislation is needed