1. Hand lens
A tool used to observe very small objects and organisms

2. Metric Ruler or Meter Stick
A tool used to measure the length of an object or the distance an object may have traveled.
Units = meters, centimeters, or millimeters

3. Microscope
An instrument for observing objects too small to be seen with a hand lens

4. Thermometer
A tool for measuring temperature
Units = Celsius

5. Graduated Cylinder A tool for measuring the volume of liquid
Units = milliliter (ml)

6. Beaker A tool for measuring the volume of liquid
Units = milliliter (ml)

7. Goggles
A tool for protecting eyes during a Science experiment

8. Apron
An apron is used to protect your body and clothes during a Science experiment

9. Balance
It is used to measure the mass of an object.
Unit = Grams

10. Compass
A tool that shows the direction that one is going

11. Magnet
A tool that can attract metal, such as iron or steel

12. Hot plate
A device used to heat up liquids or solutions in a Science classroom.

13. Timer A tool used to measure intervals of time.
Units = seconds, minutes, or hours

14. Gloves
These go on your hands to protect them when you are handling chemicals or touching hot objects.

15. Extinguisher
Fire
Tool used for putting out small fires

16. Hazard
A source of danger

17. Precaution
A measure taken beforehand to prevent harm

18. Tongs
A tool used in Science to hold onto hot objects while they are heated.

19. Experiment
A procedure carried out under controlled conditions in order to discover something or to test a hypothesis.

20. Hypothesis An educated guess about how an experiment will turn out.
A hypothesis can be proven right or wrong through an experiment.

21. Data A collection of facts or numbers gathered during an experiment.
Usually arranged in a chart or data table.
Trial #
Distance
Traveled (cm) 1 10 2 12 3 16 4 17 5 19

22. Graph
A picture used to represent the data collected during an experiment.
There are many types:
Pictographs
Bar graphs
Circle graphs
Line graphs
This is a bar graph.

23. Scientific Model A visual representation of Science concepts
All models have limitations, this means they are not 100% correct as the real concept they are representing.

24. Conclusion
A closing statement based upon the data collected during an experiment.
Usually the hypothesis is stated to see if it was right or wrong in the conclusion.

25. Experimental Trials
Scientists repeat their experiments many times to make sure the results are valid and reliable.

26. Recycle
Reprocessing of materials, such as, plastic, glass, metal, & paper so they can be reused.

27. Conservation
The protection, preservation, and wise use of natural resources.

28. Matter
Anything that takes up space (volume) and has mass.

29. Mass The measure of the amount of matter in an object. Units: Grams
Milligrams
kilograms

30. Volume
How much space something takes up

31. Solid
Phase or State of matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume

32. Liquid
Phase or State of matter that does NOT have a definite shape, but has a definite volume.

33. Gas
Phase or State of matter that does not have a definite shape or a definite volume.

34. Melting Point
The temperature at which a substance changes from its solid state into its liquid state.

35. Freezing Point
The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid.

36. Boiling Point
The particular temperature when a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.

37. Evaporation A liquid changes phase into a gas.
Opposite of Condensation.

38. Condensation A gas changes phases and turns into a liquid.
Opposite of Evaporation.

39. Physical Properties
Characteristics of matter that can be observed or measured without chemically changing the substance into something new.
Examples:
Magnetism
Color
Density
Texture
Buoyancy

40. Conduction
The passing of heat or electricity through a material while the material itself stays in place.
Examples:
Steel
Iron

41. Insulation
Material energy (heat or electricity) cannot easily pass through.
Examples:
Plastic
Cloth
Rubber
Wood

42. Solution
A mixture of substances that are blended so completely that the mixture looks the same everywhere.
Example: Sugar water
Sugar is dissolved in
the water.

43. Dissolve
The process of going into a solution. It becomes disintegrated.

44. Mixture
A combination of two or more substances that can keep their own properties and can be separated again

45. Electrical Energy Otherwise known as Electricity.
Flowing of electrons through a circuit to produce a charge.

46. Open Circuit
Contacts, switches or similar devices are not connected thus preventing the flow of electrical current.

47. Closed Circuit
An electric circuit providing an uninterrupted, endless path for the flow of current.

48. Electromagnet
Wire coil around a metal core (usually an iron nail) that acts like a magnet when an electric current flows through it

49. Solar Energy
Energy from the Sun. Can be used to make electricity.

50. Light Energy
A form of energy that travels in waves and can move through empty space where there is no air.

51. Reflection
Reflection occurs when light changes direction as a result of “bouncing off” a surface like a mirror.

52. Refraction
The bending of light as it passes from one material to another.

53. Telescope: Light Refraction

54. Thermal Energy
Energy that comes from heat.

55. Sound
Energy caused by vibrations that produce waves

56. Vibration
A back and forth motion of an object which will create sound.

57. Force
A push or pull which may result in motion.

58. Motion
The state in which one object’s distance from another is changing

59. Renewable Resources
Resources that can be easily remade and usually recycled.

60. Non-Renewable Resources
Resources that CANNOT be easily renewed

61. Fossil Fuels
Fuels formed in the ground from the remains of dead plants and animals
Examples: coal, oil, & natural gas

62. Inexhaustible Resources
Resources that can never be used up.
Examples: Sunlight & Wind

63. Constructive Forces
A force that changes the shape of the Earth surface by making new landforms.
Example: Volcanoes

64. Destructive Forces A force that breaks down earth’s surface.
Example: Earthquake

65. Glacier
A large body of moving ice that stays frozen all year.

66. Weathering
The breaking down and wearing away of rock.

67. Erosion
The carrying away or movement of rock and soil caused by wind, water, and ice.

68. Deposition
The dropping of sediments by water, wind, or ice.

69. Sediment
Soil, sand, silt, and other pieces of rock which wash from the land into water.

70. Soil
A material made of tiny pieces of rock, minerals, and decayed plant and animal matter.

71. Retain
To hold within; usually dealing with the retention of water in soil.

72. Permeability
Ability to transmit fluids through pore spaces.

73. Solar System The Sun (Star) The 8 planets (1) Mercury (2) Venus
(3) Earth
(4) Mars
(5) Jupiter
(6) Saturn
(7) Uranus
(8) Neptune
And the many other objects that orbit the sun such as, comets, meteors, and
asteroids.

74. Rotation The spinning motion of Earth on its axis.
It takes Earth approximately 24 hours to rotate once on its axis.

75. Revolution The movement or orbit of an object around another object.
It takes the Earth approximately 365 days to revolve around the Sun.

76. Seasons Caused by the tilt of the Earth on its axis.
Generally based on broad climatic patterns;
Four seasons: spring, summer, autumn (fall), and winter
Caused by the tilt of the Earth on its axis.

77. Gravity
A force of attraction, or pull, between any object and other objects around it. Gravity is the force that pulls you down to earth.
Responsible for keeping planets in orbit around Sun.

78. Orbit
The path an object takes as it travels around another object.

79. Moon
A natural satellite that orbits around planets.

80. Lunar Cycle
The different appearances of the moon throughout the month which are also known as the phases of the moon.

81. Tree Rings Variable width of rings produced by seasonal growth.
The number of rings observed corresponds to the age of the tree.

82. Sedimentary Rock Layers
Helps scientists to figure out what happened in the past. The top layer is the youngest. The bottom layer is the oldest.
YOUNGEST
OLDEST

83. Habitat The environment where an organism lives.
Polar bears in their habitat.

84. Ecosystem
All the living and nonliving things that interact with each other in an environment.

85. Biotic
A part of the ecosystem that is alive.

86. Abiotic
The part of an ecosystem that is NOT alive.

87. Biome
A major land ecosystem having a distinct combination of plants and animals.

88. Niche
The role that an organism plays in its habitat.

89. Organism
Bear
An individual living thing
Human

90. Species
A group of organisms that share similar characteristics. They can reproduce.

91. Population
All the organisms of the same species that live in the same place at the same time.

92. Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide Cycle
The movement of carbon dioxide and
oxygen between organisms and the air.

93. Water Cycle
A continuous process that renews the fresh water on Earth. The individual parts are called evaporation, condensation, precipitation, run-off, and transpiration.

94. Nitrogen Cycle
The process that turns nitrogen gas in the air into usable substances that plants and animals can use.

95. Life Cycle
The stages of development an organism goes through from birth to death.

96. Egg
The first stage of development in many living organisms.

97. Larva
The early immature stage that follows the egg stage in an insect’s life cycle.

98. Pupa
The stage that follows the larva in many insect’s life cycle.

99. Adult
The final stage of an insect’s life.

100. Nymph
Larva of certain insects like grasshoppers; resembling adult.

101. Metamorphosis
The change in shape and form some organisms go through during their life cycle.

102. Incomplete Metamorphosis
A gradual growth of an organism that changes in size, but NOT form.

103. Complete Metamorphosis
Changes in body form of insects that involve stages (egg, larva, pupa, adult).

104. Photosynthesis
The process by which producers, such as plants, make their own food by using energy from the Sun.

105. Root
Part of a plant that is found underground. It purpose is to absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

106. Stem
A slender structure that provides support to a plant.

107. Leaf
The part of the plant that performs photosynthesis. Usually the leaf is green.

108. Flower
Colorful part of a plant that produces the seeds.

109. Nutrients
Substances that
are needed for an organism to live and grow

110. Food Chain
The path of energy from one organism to another organism.

111. Food Web
Most food chains overlap. These Overlapping food chains form a food web.

112. Carnivore
An animal that only eats other animals.
Meat-eater

113. Herbivore
An animal that eats only plant products.

114. Omnivore An animal that eats both plants and animals.
Example: Bears eat fish and berries.

115. Predator An animal that hunts, catches, and eats another animal.

116. Prey An animal that is hunted, caught, and eaten by another animal.

117. Producer
An organism that makes its own food.

118. Consumer
An organism that gets energy by eating other organisms.

119. Decomposer
An organism that gets energy by feeding on dead materials and wastes.

120. Scavenger
A meat-eating animal that feeds on the remains of dead animals.

121. Parasitism
A relationship between two different kinds of organisms in which one organism is helped and the other is harmed.

122. Reproduction
The process of making more organisms of the same kind.

123. Offspring
New organisms that come from parent organisms.

124. Adaptation
A behavior or body part that enables an organism to survive in its environment.

125. Trait
A characteristic or feature of an organism.
Example: brown eyes

126. Learned Behavior
The changed behavior or characteristic of an organism because of practice or experience.

127. Camouflage
An animal’s ability to change its color or pattern to help it blend in with its surroundings.
Bird

128. Migration
The regular long-distance movement of animals from one region to another

129. Hibernation
A long period when an animal is not active and all of its body systems slow down.