1. Male Reproductive System

2. Male Reproductive Organs
Penis
Scrotum
Testes
Epididymis
Seminiferous tubules
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicle
Prostate gland
Cowper’s gland
Urethra
Semen

3. Male Reproductive Organs

4. Sac-like structure that houses the testes.
Scrotum
Sac-like structure that houses the testes.
The function of scrotum is to keep the testes 1-2°C cooler than the body temperature which is 37°C.

5. Testes
The two testes are oval structures about 5 cm long and 3 cm in diameter
Held in the scrotum
They produce sperm in the tubes called Seminiferous Tubules.
Also produce sex hormone called testosterone.
the tunica albuginea, surrounds each testis and extends inward to form septa that partition the organ into lobules There are about 250 lobules in each t%stis& Each contains 1 to 4 highly coiled seminiferous tubules that converge to fo"m a sin'le straight tubule, which lea$s into the rete tEstis. Short eFferent ducts exit the 4estes.
Interstitial cells (cells of eydig), which prkduce male sex Hormones, are located between the saminifernus tubules within a lobule

6. Epididymis
Seminiferous tubules
Vas deferens

7. Epididymis A long tube (about 6 meters) located on top of the testes.
Sperm is made in the testes in tubes called seminiferous tubules.
Sperm that leave the testes are immature.
Sperm complete their maturation process as they move through the epididymis.
Mature sperm are stored in the lower portion of the epididymis.

8. Vas Deferens
The two vas deferens are flexible tubes that start at the epididymis and joins the urethra at the base of prostate gland.
Each vas deferens is about 45 cm or (1.5 ft)
Vas deferens carry mature sperm from epididymis for ejaculation.
Vasectomy is a procedure of cutting and tying the vas deferens to prevent sperm from reaching the egg.

9. Urethra
The urethra is a long narrow tube extending from the bladder to the tip of the penis.
It carries urine from the bladder during urination.
It also a passageway for semen.
Both urine and semen leave the body through the same opening at the tip of the penis.
It is a passageway for sperm and fluids from the reproductive system and urine from the urinary system. While reproductive fluids are passing through the urethra, sphincters contract tightly to keep urine from entering the urethra.

10. Semen
Semen is a sticky, cloudy, whitish fluid composed of sperm from the testes and fluids from prostate gland, seminal vesicle, and Cowper’s gland.
Semen exits the penis during ejaculation.

11. Erection Involves increase in length, width & firmness of the penis.
Changes in blood flow to penis cause erection.
The spongy tissue fills with blood causing the penis to stand out from the body.
spongy erectile tissue is a loose network of connective tissue with many spaces
ED – inability to achieve or maintain an erection
Affects approx. 30 mil men in USA. Not unusual to experience sometime – usually due to psychological problems: stress, depression, worrying, grief
Physical problems: nerve damage – usually accompanying diabetes or alcoholism
Atherosclerosis [fatty deposits] in arteries supplying penis
medications: HTN, antihistamines, antinausea & antiseizure, antidepressants, sedatives, tranquilzers
Cigarettes, marijuana & alcohol
Treat ED – eliminate problem. Medications: Viagra type enhance nitric oxide that is released with arousal and caused arterioles to dilate

12. Ejaculation To ejaculate means to suddenly release or let go.
Semen leaves the body during ejaculation.
Usually ejaculation happens during erection.
After ejaculation, the penis becomes soft and it is not erect any more.
There are usually about two to five hundred million sperm in a single ejaculation.

13. Sperm

14. Sperm The sperm cell consists of a head, a body and a tail.
The head contains the nucleus which holds chromosomes.
The body produces energy molecules needed for the movement of the sperm cell.
The tail provides the lashing movements that propel the sperm cell.

15. Sperm The sperm cell consists of a head, a body and a tail.
The head contains the nucleus which holds chromosomes.
The top portion of the head contains acrosome, an enzymes used for penetrating the female egg.
The body produces ATP, energy molecules needed for the movement of the sperm cell.
The tail or "flagellum" provides the lashing movements that propel the sperm cell.