1. Cells and organization of living systems
TAKS- Living Systems
Cells and organization of living systems

2. Organization of living systems
All matter made of atoms
Atoms organized into molecules
Molecules organized into cells (Living things are made of cells)
Cells organized into tissues
Tissues organized into organs
Organs organized into organ systems
Organ systems organized into organisms

4. Two types of cells Prokaryotic cells- Bacteria ONLY!!!
Eukaryotic cells-All other living cells.

5. Prokaryotic Cells
Lack nucleus and most other organelles (structure within cell – performs specific function)
Include Eubacteria and Archaebacteria
Archaebacteria – ancient bacteria
Eubacteria – true bacteria
Good bacteria and pathogenic bacteria

6. Eukaryotic cells
Have nucleus and other organelles Ex. Nuclear Membrane and Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles. FYI: Mitochondria have their own nuclei and can reproduce like in muscle tissue.

7. Organelles in Eukaryotic cells
Nucleus – contains DNA; command center of cell
Mitochondria – found in all eukaryotes – breaks down food molecules (i.e. – glucose) to release energy (cellular respiration) Equation for cellular respiration: C6 H12O O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Ribosomes – where proteins are made
Endoplasmic reticulum – path along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another
Golgi apparatus – processes and packages substances produced by the cell

8. Lysosome – digests molecules, old organelles, and foreign substances
Cilia and flagella – propel cells through the environment; move materials over cell surface
Vacuole – storage of water, waste, and/or enzymes
Microfilaments and microtubules – forms cytoskeleton of cell for support, movement, and division of cells
Chloroplast – found in cells of plants and some protists – use energy in sunlight to make the sugar glucose (photosynthesis). Glucose fuels all life’s processes (plant and animal).
Cell wall – (plants) supports/protects cell

9. Plant and Animal cells-Cell Organelle Game in Student Packet

10. Rules:
1. You will work in teams of 4 and place the organelle cut outs in the appropriate plant and animal cell model. We will begin in 5 minutes.
2. You will place the organelle in the model(s) and quickly write the function to the side of your labels in pencil.
3. Each organelle is worth 5 points.
4. Having finished the race have another team verify you results.
5. Give your total score for each model on your score card.

11. End of Day 1: Turn in your score cards for Cell Review.

12. How cells keep themselves alive
Maintain stable internal environment - homeostasis

13. Ways to maintain homeostasis
Passive transport – no ATP used
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Carrier proteins
Ion channels
Active transport – ATP used
Cell membrane pumps (sodium-potassium)
Endocytosis
exocytosis

14. Interdependence
In multicellular organisms cells work together in organs and organ systems to help one another maintain homeostasis

15. Organ Systems
Circulatory – transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and carries wastes away from cells
Respiratory – moves oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out of the body
Digestive – breaks down food and absorbs nutrients
Nervous – detects changes outside and inside your body and controls the way your body responds to these changes
Skeletal – movement, protection, shape, support, storage of minerals and produces blood cells

16. Muscular – movement, posture, and production of heat
Endocrine – produces chemical messengers called hormones; some hormones help to maintain homeostasis while others control development and growth
Integumentary – forms protective barrier around body, prevents water loss, controls body temperature, and gathers information about your surroundings
Immune – protects body from infection

17. Lymphatic – takes fluid from the spaces between cells and returns it to the circulatory system; filters bacteria and other microorganisms from this fluid
Reproductive – males – sperm production; females – eggs
Excretory – removes wastes from the body and helps maintain homeostasis