2. Using Transitions Idea Transition References © 2001 by Ruth Luman

3. Transitions Look at the two groups of sentences below. Which sentences read more smoothly? Click on an answer below. My friend, Marcos, loves to play sports and is very athletic. He has won a scholarship to play football at a university next year. My friend, Marcos, loves to play sports and is very athletic. In fact, he has won a scholarship to play football at a university next year.

4. Transitions What are transition words?

5. Transitions A transition word directly tells the reader the logical relationship between one idea and another idea. Idea Transition

6. Example Marcos loves to go swimming in the ocean. his parents won’t allow him to do that. ;however, The transition, however, tells the reader that the logical relationship between the two ideas is contrast.

7. Transitions Transitions are words that help make your writing more coherent. They create connections between: - one clause and another clause - one sentence and another sentence - one group of sentences and the next group of sentences

8. Joining Two Independent Clauses One way of joining two independent clauses is with a semicolon, a transition, and a comma. Marcos is a great swimmer he’s very good at scuba diving. ; furthermore, Marcos is a great swimmer ;furthermore, he’s very good at scuba diving.

9. Connecting Two Sentences You can use a transition and comma to tell the reader the logical relationship between two sentences. Marcos is very athletic. he plays three sports at school. In fact, Marcos is very athletic. In fact, he plays three sports at school.

10. Placement of Transition Rather than placing the transition at the beginning of the second sentence, you may place it in the middle of the second sentence after the subject with two commas. Marcos is very athletic. He, in fact, plays three sports at school. subject transition

11. Transitions in Longer Writing When writing a paragraph or a larger piece of writing,you can use a transition to show the reader the logical relationship between one group of sentences and another group of sentences. This is useful when you want to let the reader know that you are changing from one idea to another idea.

12. Example- Longer Piece of Writing Essay Introduction Body Paragraph 1 Body Paragraph 2: In addition, Body Paragraph 3: Furthermore, Conclusion: Transition connects ideas in paragraph 3 to ideas in paragraph 2. Transition connects ideas in paragraph 2 to ideas in paragraph 1.

13. Types of Transitions Transitions between sections—Particularly in longer works, it may be necessary to include transitional paragraphs that summarize for the reader the information just covered and specify the relevance of this information to the discussion in the following section. Transitions between paragraphs—If you have done a good job of arranging paragraphs so that the content of one leads logically to the next, the transition will highlight a relationship that already exists by summarizing the previous paragraph and suggesting something of the content of the paragraph that follows. A transition between paragraphs can be a word or two (however, for example, similarly), a phrase, or a sentence. Transitions can be at the end of the first paragraph, at the beginning of the second paragraph, or in both places.

14. Types of Transitions RelationshipTransition AdditionMoreover Furthermore In addition besides Marcos loves to ski ;moreover, ;furthermore, ;in addition, ;besides, he likes to fish.

15. Types of Transitions RelationshipTransition Reinforcement/EmphasisIndeed In fact Marcos plays basketball ;in fact, ;indeed, he plays every Saturday. The transition and second clause reemphasize the first clause.

16. Types of Transitions RelationshipTransition ExemplificationFor example For instance In particular Marcos enjoys outdoor sports ;for example, ;for instance, ;in particular, he likes hiking, skiing, and fishing. The second clause is more specific than the first.

17. Types of Transitions RelationshipTransition ContrastHowever On the contrary In contrast On the other hand Marcos enjoys scuba diving ;on the other hand, ;however, ;on the contrary, ;in contrast, I think it is an expensive sport. $$$

18. Types of Transitions RelationshipTransition Result or EffectConsequently Accordingly Thus Hence Therefore As a result Marcos broke his leg ;thus, ;consequently, ;therefore, ;hence, ;as a result, ;accordingly, he can’t play basketball.

19. Types of Transitions RelationshipTransition TimeMeanwhile (at the same time) Subsequently (after) Thereafter (after) Marcos scored a goal ;subsequently, ;thereafter, his team won the game. after

20. Correct! Excellent! This sentence reads more smoothly because it contains a transition. Transition words connect ideas within and between sentences. My friend, Marcos, loves to play sports and is very athletic. In fact, he has won a scholarship to play football at a university next year. Return to Presentation

21. I’m Sorry! These sentence do not read as smoothly. These sentences contain no transitions to connect the ideas to each other. Go back to learn more about using transition words. My friend, Marcos, loves to play sports and is very athletic. He has won a scholarship to play football at a university next year. Return to Presentation No transition words to connect ideas.

22. References PowerPoint Presentation by Ruth Luman: Modesto Junior College. This project incorporates portions of copyrighted works. These items are included under the fair use exemption of the U.S. Copyright Law and have been prepared according to the educational fair use guidelines. They are restricted from further use.