1. Integrating Human Wellbeing in the Open Standards Guidance and Innovations Presenters: Daniel Hayden (Rare) and Caroline Stem (FOS) CCNet Rally, April 30, 2013 1

2. Agenda and Outcomes Agenda Background on human well being Broad Overview of What’s In the Open Standards So, What Now?? Question and Answer Description of Working Group Activity Speed Round Presentations 2 Outcomes: Participants will gain an understanding of the concepts in the CMP guidance on human wellbeing targets Participants will practice with and learn how to apply the guidance Participants will learn about real- world application of the guidance, what worked, what didn’t, and what teams learned in applying it Organizers will solicit commitments from participants to test the guidance and share feedback to improve and adapt it over time

3. Agenda Background Broad Overview of What’s In the Open Standards So, What Now?? Question and Answer Description of Working Group Activity Speed Round Presentations 3

4. Cross Organizational Collaboration CMP working group from Summit 2010 Working group follow up in September 2011 (FOS staff, Judy Boshoven, and Judy Braus) FOS lab meeting – October 2011 (Amielle DeWan, Cristina Lasch, Estuardo Secaira, John Morrison, Judy Boshoven, Tess Present & FOS) Working group from Measures Summit 2011 Produced revisions to OS (accepted May 2012), developed guidance (accepted June 2012)

5. Are Conservationist Misanthropes? 5

6. What People Have Been Saying 6 There is no way we can work here without addressing or recognizing human needs We have to prove to our constituency that there is a benefit to them beyond biodiversity Open Standards do not work in complex social situations

7. How We Have Dealt with It Clarified how strategies are often social in nature and done in service of conservation

8. How We Have Dealt with It Conservation targets with a single link over to human wellbeing targets

9. How We Have Dealt with It Ecosystem services as human wellbeing targets

10. Ecosystem Services as factors between conservation and human wellbeing targets How We Have Dealt with It

11. Human wellbeing target in direct conflict with conservation How We Have Dealt with It

12. Socioeconomic indicators, other factors outside conservation domain How We Have Dealt with It

13. Ad hoc Approaches Are Not Sufficient Repeated requests for greater clarity about relationships between conservation and human wellbeing targets Funding sources are increasingly insisting upon a link between people and nature Not making strong cases across stakeholders

14. Opportunities for strengthening projects Clarity of language and concepts Strengthening of the Open Standards Opportunities for learning across projects Opportunity through Consistency

15. Topics Background Broad Overview of What’s In the Open Standards So, What Now?? Question and Answer Description of Working Group Activity 15

16. 1.Explicit recognition and definition of Human Wellbeing within OS 2.Link to conservation targets via ecosystem services 3.Socially beneficial results and human wellbeing targets are not the same 4.Parameters for HWT goals 16 What Is in OS Version 3.0 Four Key Elements Clarifying Links The OS does not proscribe that you do human wellbeing, but if you do it proscribes how to do it

17. 1. Explicit recognition and definition of Human Wellbeing within OS Human wellbeing target definition: Aspects of human wellbeing that the project chooses to focus on. In the context of a conservation project, human wellbeing targets focus on those components of human wellbeing affected by the status of conservation targets. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment defines human wellbeing as including: 1)Necessary material for a good life 2)Health 3)Good social relations 4)Security 5)Freedom and choice

18. 18 1. (continued) Explicit recognition and definition of Human Wellbeing within OS If adding HWT, do so in Step 1D, Complete Situation Analysis

19. Human wellbeing is achieved via ecosystem services provided by functioning conservation targets Services that intact, functioning ecosystems, species, and habitats provide and that can benefit people 2. Link to conservation targets via ecosystem services

20. 3. Socially beneficial results and HWTs are not the same Result directly benefiting humans Specific Example General Relationship Loggers get more money for certified products Eco-certification of timber harvesting Case 1: HWB enhanced via socially- oriented strategy

21. Ecosystem service results contributing to human wellbeing Case 2: HWB enhanced via ecosystem services General Relationship Specific Example Patrolling happens… Illegal loggers caught & fined Access to timber over long term Illegal logging declines Improved filtering capacity Availability of clean water Forestry livelihoods Strengthening of law enforcement Human health Forest conserved 3. Socially beneficial results and HWTs are not the same

22. Group’s reasoning: If we are going to call these “targets,” they should be held to the same standard as a conservation target. There is no obligation to include human wellbeing targets, but if you do, you should have goals for them. Note: Proposed guidance under review lays out cases when it is not necessary to set human wellbeing goals (and when it can be beneficial to do so). 22 4. Parameters for HWT Goals

23. 23 4. (continued) Parameters for Human Wellbeing Goals If a team sets HWT goals, they should be clearly dependent upon the status of the conservation target(s) and/or the ecosystem services they provide So, NO to goals related to reducing HIV infection or decreasing cholesterol levels But, YES to goals related to access to food sources because conserved biological targets are improving crop pollination services If it matters, measure it. If you don’t manage it, don’t measure it.

24. Why We Should Use a Common Approach to Address Human Wellbeing Create clarity about relationship between conservation and human wellbeing and about what teams are trying to achieve Improves the Open Standards Speak a common language, compare across projects, and learn from one another Prove that we are not misanthropes

25. Topics Background Broad Overview of What’s In the Open Standards So, What Now?? Question and Answer Description of Working Group Activity 25

26. Human Wellbeing – How To in Four Essential Steps Address within Situation Analysis (Step 1D) 1.Determine whose wellbeing you are interested in 2.Identify ecosystem services affected by conservation target status (MA categories) and link to conservation targets 3.Identify human wellbeing targets and link to ecosystem services 4.Be clear about socially beneficial results and human wellbeing targets 5.If relevant, identify key attributes of human wellbeing and set human wellbeing goals 6.If relevant, identify indicators for ecosystem services and/or human wellbeing 26

27. 1. Determine Whose Wellbeing Whose wellbeing are we actually targeting? Thematic (example: all parties along a particular supply chain?) Geographic (example: all people that live within the Scope of the project? Wider? Global?) What about future generations? 27

28. 2. Identify Ecosystem Services 28 Eucalyptus Woodlands Fringing Shrublands Blue Billed Ducks Permanent Lakes

29. 2. Identify Ecosystem Services 29 TypeDefinitionExamples ProvisioningProducts obtained from ecosystemsFood, fuelwood, water, minerals, pharmaceuticals, biochemicals, energy RegulatingBenefits obtained from regulation of ecosystem processes Carbon sequestration, climate regulation, waste decomposition, water/air purification, crop pollination, pest control SupportingServices necessary for production of all other ecosystem services Nutrient dispersal & cycling, seed dispersal, soil formation CulturalNon-material benefits obtained from ecosystems through spiritual enrichment, cognitive development, reflection, recreation, and aesthetic experiences Cultural diversity, spiritual & religious values, knowledge systems, educational values, inspiration Framework is for brainstorming! Actual categories do not matter – just clarity on what an ecosystem service is Source: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment

30. 2. Identify Ecosystem Services 30 Identifying your ecosystem services and human wellbeing targets is often a parallel and iterative process Timber sources & products Eucalyptus Woodlands Fringing Shrublands Blue Billed Ducks Permanent Lakes Water flow regulation Populations of ducks for viewing Water for drinking Regulating Provisioning Cultural

31. Necessary material for a good life: including secure and adequate livelihoods, income and assets, enough food at all times, shelter, furniture, clothing, and access to goods; Health: including being strong, feeling well, and having a healthy physical environment; Good social relations: including social cohesion, mutual respect, good gender and family relations, and the ability to help others and provide for children; Security: including secure access to natural and other resources, safety of person and possessions, and living in a predictable and controllable environment with security from natural and human- made disasters; and Freedom and choice: including having control over what happens and being able to achieve what a person values doing or being 3. Identify Human Wellbeing Targets 31 Again, framework is for brainstorming! Actual categories do not matter – just clarity on what a human wellbeing target is Source: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment

32. 3. Identify Human Wellbeing Targets 32

33. 33 Timber sources & products Eucalyptus Woodlands Fringing Shrublands Blue Billed Ducks Permanent Lakes Unpredictable water flow regulation Limited populations of ducks for viewing Pollutants in water Spiritual health Forestry dependent livelihoods Security from natural disasters Tourism dependent livelihoods Physical health 3. Identify Human Wellbeing Targets Necessary material Security Health

34. 4. Be clear about socially beneficial results and human wellbeing targets 34 Result directly benefiting humans Specific Example General Relationship Loggers get more money for certified products Eco-certification of timber harvesting Case 1: HWB enhanced via socially- oriented strategy

35. 35 Conservation StrategyResults benefiting humans (and necessary for achieving conservation) Alternative livelihoodsIncreased income Diversified income sources Eco-certificationAccess to niche markets Increased income Sustainable resource management/ extraction Improved ability to manage resources sustainably Increased yields (in some cases) Improving governanceIncreased ability to influence decision making Empowerment Capacity building, technical assistance Improved technical skills Improved ability to manage Environmental educationIncreased knowledge and awareness 4. Be clear about socially beneficial results and human wellbeing targets Case 1: HWB enhanced via socially- oriented strategy

36. 36 4. Be clear about socially beneficial results and human wellbeing targets Case 2: HWB enhanced via ecosystem services General Relationship Specific Example Boat owners educated; Clean boats after each outing Fish available for sports fishing Reduction in introduction/ spread of NZ mudsnail Fish available for consumption Tourism livelihoods Prevention of New Zealand mudsnail introduction Human health Freshwater fish & invertebrates Ecosystem service results contributing to human wellbeing

37. 37 Result directly benefiting humans 4. Be clear about socially beneficial results and human wellbeing targets Case 3: HWB enhanced via multiple avenues General Relationship Specific Example Loggers get more money for certified products Eco- certification of timber harvesting Result also contributing to human wellbeing Access to timber over long term Improved filtering capacity Availability of clean water Human health Forestry livelihoods Ecosystem service results contributing to human wellbeing

38. When to consider setting goals Required to show human benefits (e.g., statutory, funding) Organization has higher level mission and/or goals and objectives related to human wellbeing; Stakeholders want to see change in HWB (won’t be satisfied with simply showing the conceptual linkages); Can increase support for efforts and broaden conservation impact by measuring human wellbeing benefits; Failure to set human wellbeing goals will undermine a team’s ability to achieve its conservation goals; and/or Team has resources to invest in setting and monitoring goals for human wellbeing. 38 5. Identify Key Attributes & Set Goals* * If relevant

39. When teams should NOT goals Stakeholders have an interest in HWB but are comfortable with just understanding the conceptual linkages; Team is working with a narrow group of stakeholders whose main interest is biodiversity conservation; Team does not have funding or legal requirements to show human wellbeing impact; and/or Most importantly, it has limited resources –setting and monitoring human wellbeing goals would compromise team’s ability to implement its project well and monitor biodiversity results. 39 5. Identify Key Attributes & Set Goals* * If relevant

40. Criteria for HWB Goals: Linked to a human wellbeing target; Directly dependent on ecosystem services provided by conservation targets; Does not compromise the ability of conservation targets to adequately deliver any ecosystem service; and Time limited, measurable and specific (like conservation goals) 40 5. Identify Key Attributes & Set Goals* 40 * If relevant

41. 5. Identify Key Attributes & Set Goals* 41 * If relevant Key attribute of human wellbeing targets - aspects of a target that if present, define a healthy target and if missing or altered, would lead to the outright loss or extreme degradation of that target over time Key attributes can help you set good goals In the context of a conservation project, key attributes should be linked directly to the ecosystem services humans can access

42. Choose one of the following 2 slides for goals (or add your own): For both, I would make the point that your goal has to be directly related to an ecosystem service provided that improves HWB. What do you all think? If we use Slide 42, is it useful to have 2 examples? I’m on the fence, but I lean toward keeping 2 just to give people more examples of what this looks like 42

43. We’re not covering goals, but keep in mind… 43 Reliable access to natural areas/wildlife in good condition Supply of tourists interested in nature tourism Access to markets, right contacts Good business acumen Access to clean water in sufficient quantity Access to clean air Access to areas for recreation Access to good quality health care X X X X

44. 44 Goals: By 2030 and thereafter, fewer than 10 cases of water-borne diseases are recorded annually within the region By 2030 and thereafter, damage to homes and farms from drought and flooding has decreased by at least 75%, compared to 2010 levels We’re not covering goals, but keep in mind…

45. 5. Identify Indicators for Key Attributes &/ or Goals* 45 * If relevant Reliable access to natural areas/wildlife in good condition Supply of tourists interested in nature tourism Access to markets, right contacts Good business acumen Access to clean water in sufficient quantity Access to clean air Access to areas for recreation Access to good quality health care X X

46. 5. Identify Key Attributes & Set Goals* 46 * If relevant Goals: Attribute: Security from natural disasters Attribute: Reliable access to natural areas/wildlife in good condition Attribute: Access to clean water in sufficient quantity By 2030 and thereafter, at least 90% of nature tourism companies indicate they have sufficient good quality wildlife and habitat to draw in tourists By 2030 and thereafter, fewer than 10 cases of water-borne diseases are recorded annually within the region By 2030 and thereafter, damage to homes and farms from drought and flooding has decreased by at least 75%, compared to 2010 levels

47. Caution on Key Attributes Teams should be aware of potential tensions between maximizing human wellbeing goals and what that means for conservation and ecosystem services 47

48. 48 Indicator: # cases of water-borne diseases recorded annually within the region Indicators: Annual $ value of damage to homes from flooding Annual $ value of damage to farms from drought and flooding Indicator: % nature tourism companies indicating sufficient quality wildlife and habitat By 2030 and thereafter, damage to homes and farms from drought and flooding has decreased by at least 75%, compared to 2010 levels By 2030 and thereafter, at least 90% of nature tourism companies indicate they have sufficient good quality wildlife and habitat to draw in tourists By 2030 and thereafter, fewer than 10 cases of water-borne diseases are recorded annually within the region Indicator: Fecal coliform concentration (in dry & wet seasons) Indicator: average daily cubic meters released by dry and wet season Indicator: Abundance of blue-billed ducks in tourism areas 6. Identify Indicators for Ecosystem Services &/or HWB* * If relevant

49. 6. Identify Indicators for Ecosystem Services &/or HWB* 49 When identifying ecosystem service indicators, look first to your conservation and human wellbeing targets * If relevant

50. 50 When identifying ecosystem service indicators, look first to your conservation and human wellbeing targets 6. Identify Indicators for Ecosystem Services &/or HWB* * If relevant

51. Take-Away Points 51 Human wellbeing targets achieved via ecosystem services provided by functioning conservation targets BUT conservation strategies can also directly improve human wellbeing Loggers get more money for certified products Eco- certification of timber harvesting Increased stocks of commercial fish Fish. Depdt Livelihoods Salmon

52. Take-Away Points 52 If relevant, add HWT during your situation analysis It doesn’t matter what framework you use for brainstorming ecosystem services or HWTs – but, be clear about the difference and relationships

53. Topics Background Broad Overview of What’s In the Open Standards So, What Now?? Question and Answer Description of Working Group Activity 53

54. Topics Background Broad Overview of What’s In the Open Standards So, What Now?? Question and Answer Description of Working Group Activity 54

55. Question and Answer 55

56. Working Group Activity Objective: Practices by using human wellbeing targets through an actual example Output: Human wellbeing targets incorporated into a results chain Process: – Review Concept model – Create Results Chains – Discuss: Why you chose to present human wellbeing this way What are the consequences of this approach (pro/cons) Implications for your conservation project Time: 100 Min – 30 Concept model – 60 Results chains – 10 min reflections 56

57. Tropical Forest Exercise 57

58. Illustrative: Marine Concept Model 58

59. Agenda Background Broad Overview of What’s In the Open Standards So, What Now?? Question and Answer Description of Working Group Activity Speed Round Presentations 59

60. Did We Achieve Our Desired Outcomes?  Participants will gain an understanding of the concepts in the CMP guidance on human wellbeing targets  Participants will practice with and learn how to apply the guidance  Participants will learn about real-world application of the guidance, what worked, what didn’t, and what teams learned in applying it  Organizers will solicit commitments from participants to test the guidance and share feedback to improve and adapt it over time 60

61. What’s Next?