1. Referencing C. van Vuuren March 2011

2. Books (by one author) Surname of the author Full initials Year Title of the publication (exactly as it appears on the title page of the book) in italics Place of publication Publishers Ramsden, P. 1992. Learning to teach in Higher Education. London and New York: Routledge.

3. Chapter in a book Surname of the author of the chapter Full initials Year Title of the chapter (not in italics) “In” Full initials of editor/s Surname/s followed by (Ed.) for one editor or (Eds) in the case of more than one Title of the book (in italics) Place of publication Publishers Smith, P. 1998. Approaches to Learning. In R.R. Schmeck (Ed.). Learning Strategies and Learning Styles. New York: Wiley.

4. Article in a journal Surname of the author of the article Full initials Year Title of the article (not in italics) Title of the journal (in italics) Volume (if available) Number in brackets (if available) Page numbers (compulsory) York, S. 1999. What is the aim and purpose of Community Colleges? South African Journal of Higher Education 14(1):36-42.

5. Newspaper article Title of the newspaper (in italics) Year Title of the article (not in italics) Day and month Page number Sunday Times. 2001. Floods cause great damage in Free State. 23 June:9.

6. Internet articles Surname Full initials Date (if available) NB: not the date retrieved! Title of the article Web address (in brackets) Date retrieved on Heinemann Educational Publishers. s.a. Outcomes-based education. Retrieved on 20 November 2003. Green, J. 2000. The online education bubble. The American Prospect [online] 11(22):s.p. Retrieved on 13 July 2003.

7. Unpublished thesis Surname Full initials Year Title Full particulars (in brackets) Institution Place Herselman, M.E. 1999. Evaluating games in the ESL usage. (Unpublished Ph.D. thesis). University of Pretoria, Pretoria.

8. Conference contribution Surname Full initials Year Title Full particulars (in brackets) Institution Place Smith, M.O. 1999. HDI’s: Development Institutions of the future. (Paper presented at the ASAHDI Conference on Higher Education: “Imperatives of Equity and Redress” held at the Sandton Convention Centre in Johannesburg on 19 and 20 October). University of Durban Westville, Durban.

9. Unpublished paper Surname Full initials Year Title Full particulars (in brackets) Institution Place Leatt, J.V. and Martin, D.H. 2000. Reflections on collaboration within SA Higher Education by two bloodied but unbowed participants. (Unpublished paper). Adamastor Trust and Information Technology, Cape Town.

10. Personal communication Surname Full initials Year Full particulars Day and month (as part of full particulars) Boddy, D. 2005. E-mail received with reference to postgraduate physiotherapy training in Zimbabwe on 16 June. Coleman, P. 2004. Fax received with reference to the undergraduate sport physiotherapy syllabus at the University of Cape Town on 26 April. Holtzhausen, L. 2003. Face-to-face interview with reference to the master’s degree in Sports Medicine at the University of the Free State conducted at the University of the Free State, Department of Human Movement Sciences on 3 March. Wazakili, M. 2005. Telephone conversation with reference to postgraduate physiotherapy training in Malawi on 24 June.

11. Other information s.a. (“without date”) n.d. (“without year”) s.l. (“without place”) s.j. (“sonder jaar”) Use the same format throughout Acronym written out the first time (with acronym in brackets), thereafter only the acronym All numbers to ten must be written out, from 11 use numbers More than two authors – written out the first time, thereafter et al.

12. Questions