1. Upper Appendicular Skeleton
Mrs. Halkuff
Anatomy & Physiology

2. Vertebral Column Made up of 33 bones Cervical Vertebrae: First 7
Form the neck & support the head.
C-1 is called the atlas as it allows the head to nod “yes”.
C-2 is called the axis as it allows the head to shake “no”.

3. Thoracic Vertebrae: Second 12
Anchor the ribcage
Larger than the cervical vertebrae
Increase in size inferiorly.
Lumbar Vertebrae: Third 5
Largest set of vertebrae
Support weight
Allow attachment of back muscles.

4. Vertebrae Body Vertebral Foramen Pedicle Lamina Spinous Process
Superior Articular Process
Transverse Process

6. Sacrum & Coccyx
Sacral Horns
Medial Sacral Crest
Dorsal Foramina

7. Sternum
Manubrium
Jugular Notch
Clavicular Notch
Body
Xiphoid Process

8. Clavicle Makes up the shoulder girdle.
Connects the sternum to the scapula.
Medial 2/3rd of shaft is convex anteriorly
Lateral 1/3rd is flat & concave anteriorly.
Helps to form two joints:
Sternoclavicular Joint
Acromioclavicular Joint

9. Clavicle
Medial End
Lateral End

10. Scapula Covers the 2nd – 7th ribs
Connects the clavicle to the humerus.
Has a concave anterior surface & convex posterior surface.

11. Scapula Acromion Coracoid Process Scapular Notch Superior Border Spine
Vertebral Border
Axillary Border
Glenoid Cavity

12. Humerus
Largest bone in the upper limb

13. Humerus Greater Tubercle Lesser Tubercle Intertubercular Groove
Deltoid Tuberosity
Head
Olecranon Fossa
Medial Epicondyle
Lateral Epicondyle
Trochlea
Capitulum

14. Radius
Shorter of the two forearm bones
Has circular radius

15. Radius
Head
Neck
Radial Tuberosity
Styloid Process

16. Ulna Longer of the two forearm bones Has “pipe wrench” appearance; or
“U” for “ulna”
Olecranon Process
Coronoid Process
Radial Notch

17. Hand Phalanges (Proximal, Middle, Distal)
Each phalange is a miniature long bone.
Wider at the base (proximal end) & smaller at the head (distal end).
Thumb has 2 phalanges; all other digits have 3 phalanges.

18. Metacarpals
Heads are the distal ends that articulate with the phalanges (knuckles).
Shafts are concave on medial & lateral sides to allow for muscle attachment.

19. “Students Like The Professor To Teach Complex Hypotheses”
Carpals
Wrist=“Carpus”
8 bones arranged in proximal & lateral rows.
Proximal Row (Medial  Lateral)
Scaphoid “Rowboat”, Lunate “Moon”, Triquetrum “3 cornered bone”, Pisiform “Pea”
Distal Row (Medial  Lateral)
Trapezium “Large Table”, Trapezoid “Little Table”, Hamate “Hook”, Capitate “Round Head”
“Students Like The Professor To Teach Complex Hypotheses”