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Gross Anatomy of the CNS

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1 Gross Anatomy of the CNS
S.J. Potashner

2 The nervous system has distinct areas that are specialized for different (sub)functions.
The distinct functional areas have different locations inside the nervous system, and they interact by signaling to one another along networks of cells. These components are organized into sub-systems (usually called ‘systems’) each of which performs specific functions. Many of these ‘systems’ span the length of the nervous system.

3 GOALS Learn some language of gross anatomy
Learn the major subdivisions of the nervous system Recognize the cardinal features of each subdivision Learn the entry/exit points of the peripheral nerves

4 Anatomic Taxonomy

5 Anatomical Planes Terms of Direction Median Frontal Sagittal Coronal
Medial Lateral Ipsilateral Contralateral Anterior, Rostral Posterior, Caudal Ventral Dorsal Horizontal Axial Superior, Rostral, Cranial Inferior, Caudal

6 Terms of Direction Dorsal Rostral Caudal Ventral Superior Rostral
Inferior Dorsal Ventral Caudal

7 Spinal cord Human CNS Subdivisions Cerebrum

8 Rat CNS Subdivisions Cerebrum Cerebrum Cerebellum Spinal cord Thalamus
Medulla Pons Midbrain Thalamus Cerebrum

9 Surface Features: Lateral Cerebrum
Longitudinal fissure Rostral Central sulcus Parietal lobe Caudal Frontal lobe Occipital lobe Caudal Rostral Temporal lobe Preoccipital notch Lateral fissure

10 Surface Features: Medial Cerebrum
Rostral Central sulcus Cingulate sulcus Parieto-occipital sulcus Frontal lobe Caudal Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Rostral Caudal Temporal lobe

11 Surface Features: Thalamus
Dorsal thalamus Hypothalamic sulcus Hypothalamus Optic nerve

12 Surface Features: Midbrain
Aqueduct Superior colliculus Inferior colliculus Oculomotor nerve Cerebral peduncle

13 Surface Features: Pons
Pontine protuberance Cerebellum

14 Surface Features: Medulla

15 Surface Features: Ventral Brain Stem
Olfactory bulb Frontal lobe Olfactory tract Lateral fissure Th Temporal lobe Mi Pons Med Surface Features: Ventral Brain Stem Cerebellum

16

17 Spinal Cord Vertebral levels Spinal levels

18 Surface Features: Spinal Cord

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