1. The Russian Revolution
From Czar to Lenin

2. Causes of the Russian Revolution
Czarist Rule
Peasant Unrest
Problems with Urban Workers
Diversity and Nationalism

3. Czarist Rule
In the late 1800’s Czars Alexander III and Nicholas II wanted western industrialization while keeping French Revolution ideals out of the country.
The government was seen as corrupt.
The czars used secret police to repress reforms.

4. Peasant Unrest There was a ridged social class system in Russia.
Upper class landowners
Priest
Czar and Nobles
Peasants
Peasants were
Poor
Did not have enough food
Could not own land

5. Problems of Urban Workers
Long hours
Little pay
Lived in slums
Poverty and disease
It was among these workers that the ideas of revolution and social reform spread.

6. Diversity and Nationalism
Russia contained many ethnic groups
All people were required to think and act as Russians.
Ethnic groups did not want their culture taken away from them.
Nationalist movement began.

7. The Causes of the 1905 Revolution
Secret Police
Repress
Reforms
Russia loses
Russo-Japanese
War
Corrupt
Czarist
Rule
Ethnic
Cultures
are
Repressed
Bad
Working
Conditions
Poverty
for the
Peasants
Bloody
Sunday
Killings

8. Revolution of 1905
January 22, 1905 a peaceful march begins in hope of influencing the czar on social reforms.

9. Bloody Sunday Nicholas II fears the march and calls in his soldiers.
The soldiers shot and killed many of the marchers.
The people have no faith in the czar
Revolts begin across Russia.
Czar Nicholas II is forced to make reforms.

10. Results of the 1905 Revolution
Czar Nicholas
Announces
Reforms
Promises
to grant more
Freedoms
and
Rights
Sets up an
Elected
Legislative
body
the Duma
The Duma
has limited
Power
The Duma
must approve
all
Laws
Nicholas
Dissolves the
1st Duma
for
Criticizing him

11. World War One/End of the Czar
Russia does poorly in World War One
Many lose confidence in the military leaders and the czar.
Soldiers revolt or desert

12. The March Revolution
March 1917 the lack of food, fuel and housing causes rioters to march in the streets.
Soldiers called to stop the riots sympathize with the rioters.
The czar loses control over his military.
Czar Nicholas II gives up the throne.

13. The Failure of the Duma Continues The Duma Plans to the unpopular
war against
Germany
The Duma
sets up a
Provisional
Government
Plans to
write a
Constitution
Slow changes
lead to the
Socialist
Movement
Only small
reforms are
made
unrest among
peasants/workers
The war
drains the
country of
men and
materials

14. The Bolshevik Revolution
Lenin Takes Control

15. Marx and Communism
Marx believed that for a country to become communist it must be fully industrialized.
Marx believed that only then could the workers rise up and overthrow the capitalist/government.
Marx further believed that once the government was in control of the people it would be the government of the people.
Finally there would be no need for the government.

16. Problems with Russia
Russia was not fully industrialized. The country was still agrarian.
Most of the country was made up of peasants, not factory workers.

17. Lenin and Communism
Lenin’s chief goal was to create a classless society.
Allowed for private businesses and for peasants to hold land.
Wanted to raise the standard of living.
The only problem was that Russia was not industrialized a key component to Marx’s communism.
Lenin further believed that only the upper educated could and should control the government for the people.

18. Bolsheviks The soon to be communist party of Russia.
Because Russia lacked a large working class the Bolsheviks were to lead the revolution replacing the necessary working class.
The Bolsheviks would guide the revolution.

19. Lenin’s Promises
Following the March Revolution Lenin was allowed to return home.
Lenin promised to end the problems of Russia
End Russia’s involvement in the war.
Land reforms for the peasants
End to food shortages
“Peace, Land and Bread”

20. Lenin takes over
By November 1917 the people of Russia stopped supporting the Duma.
November 1917 the Bolsheviks led by soldiers, sailors and factory workers take over the government.

21. The Communist
The Communist as Lenin now calls the party do the following;
Distribute land to the peasants.
Give workers control of the factories and mines.

22. Lenin’s Rule
Lenin ends Russia’s involvement in World War One by signing the Brest-Litovsk Treaty.
Russia gives up large portions of land to get out of the war.

23. Russia’s Civil War
From 1918 to 1921 Lenin’s Red Army battled against the White Army which was loyal to the czar.

24. Russia’s Civil War Red Army White Army Loyal to Lenin
Used the secret police to find enemies.
Executed thousands who opposed the revolution.
Executed the Czar and his family.
Won
The Communist and Lenin control Russia.
White Army
Loyal to the Czar
Tried to assassinate Lenin.
Slaughtered thousands of Communist.
Had aid from the U.S., Britain and France.
Lost

25. The Communist Party The Communist Party became
the only legal party in Russia.
had all the power.
only members of the Communist Party could run for office.
used the secret police and military to enforce its control.
Russia was now a one party system of government in which Lenin had all control.

26. New Economic Policy
In 1917 the Communist took over all the banks, factories, mines and railroads.
The takeover resulted in economic disaster for Russia.
Lenin adopted the NEP in which the government still controlled the banks, factories and foreign trade.
Some private businesses were now allowed which helped the economy recover.

27. The Soviet Union In 1922 the Communist control all of Russia.
Because Russia is made up of a large and diverse population each different ethnic area is designated a republic, the largest Russia, controls all the other republics.
The name Union of Soviet Socialist Republics is given to Russia.

28. Notes Summary
Take 5 minutes and review your notes. Then summarize your notes answering the following questions. Remember your summary should be in paragraph form.
How did Lenin and Marx differ in their ideas of Communism?
What was the problem with Russia becoming Communist?
What was Lenin’s plan for Russia and how did he plan to obtain it?
What was the real role of the Communist Party in Russia?
What was the NEP Plan?

29. Classwork Picture Written idea
Create a storyboard for the events leading up to Lenin taking control of the government. You must have at least ten sections and you must fully explain the events leading up to the Communist control of Russia. Worth 20 points.
Picture
Written idea

30. Classwork Create a message of propaganda
On a 8 ½ x 11 piece of paper you will create a poster of propaganda.
On the front side you need to create a poster that tells about all the good things Lenin and the Communist Party are doing for the people of Russia. You must convince the people that Lenin and the Communist are best for the Soviet Union.
“Peace, Land and Bread”
On the back you must create a true poster of what was going with the Communist Party. What the party was doing who had complete control.
Must use words, phrases, and pictures. Remember you are trying to convince the people that the Communist can solve the problems of Russia.
Value 20 pts. 10 pts each side.

31. Homework
Create a T chart on the ideas of Marx and the ideas of Lenin. What did each believe about communism. 10 pts.
Finish propaganda poster.
Read pages 775 – 780
What other totalitarian governments come to power in the 20th century
What is Russia’s Industrial Revolution?
What is a Five-year Plan?
What was daily life under Stalin like?
Women
Education