1. Communism Spreads in East Asia
Chapter 15
Section 3

2. Communists vs. Nationalists in China
After WWII, Mao Zedong led communist forces to victory over Jiang Jieshi’s Nationalists, who fled to Taiwan
Mao began to reshape China’s economy
First, he gave land to peasants, but then called for collectivization (similar to Russia under Stalin)
Under this system, Mao moved people from their small villages and individual farms into communes of thousands of people on thousands of acres

3. Mao Zedong (left) vs. Jiang Jieshi (right)

4. Great Leap Forward
Known as the Great Leap Forward, the program was intended to increase farm and industrial production
Instead, it produced low quality, useless goods and less food
Bad weather also affected crops, and many people starved

5. Cultural Revolution in China
To remove “bourgeois” (middle class) tendencies from China, Mao began the Cultural Revolution
Skilled workers and managers were removed from factories and forced to work on farms or in labor camps
This resulted in a slowed economy and a threat of civil war

6. China’s Cultural Revolution
A poster during the Cultural Revolution. Caption reads : The Chinese People's Liberation Army is the Great School of Mao Zedong Thought

7. Taiwan vs. China U.S. Relations with China
At first, the United States supported the Nationalist government in Taiwan
The West was concerned that the Soviet Union and China would become allies, but border clashes led the USSR to withdraw aid and advisors from China
U.S. leaders thought that by improving relations with the Chinese, they would further isolate the Soviets
In 1979, the USA established diplomatic relations with China

8. Taiwan

9. Taiwan vs. China
Nationalists
Communist

10. The Korean Peninsula
Korea was an independent nation until Japan invaded it in WWII
After WWII, American and Soviet forces agreed to divide the Korean Peninsula at the 38th parallel
Kim Il Sung, a communist ruled North Korea
Syngman Rhee, allied with the USA, controlled South Korea

12. 38th Parallel Separating North Korea and South Korea

13. Korean War
In 1950, North Korean troops crossed the 38th parallel and attacked South Korea
The United Nation forces stopped them along a line known as the Pusan Perimeter, then began advancing north
Mao Zedong of China sent troops to help the North Koreans
U.N. forces were pushed back south of the 38th parallel

15. Armistice in Korea
In 1953, both sides signed an armistice to end the fighting, but troops today remain on both sides of the demilitarized zone (DMZ)
There is no peace treaty between North and South Korea—a state of war technically still exists
Over time, South Korea enjoyed an economic boom and a rise in living standards, while communist North Korea’s economy declined
Many North Koreans have starved to death
Kim Il Sung’s emphasis on self-reliance kept North Korea isolated and poor

16. 38th Parallel and Demilitarized Zone

17. Powerpoint Questions (13 points)
1. Who established Taiwan?
2. Explain Chinese collectivization.
3. What was the Great Leap Forward?
4. Why was the Great Leap Forward a failure?
5. What was the Cultural Revolution?
6. Whom did the USA support in the beginning – China or Taiwan?
7. When did the USA formally recognize mainland China?

18. Powerpoint Questions (13 points)
8. Where was Korea divided after WWII?
9. Who was the leader of South Korea?
10. Who was the leader of North Korea?
11. In what year did North Korea invade South Korea?
12. What country assisted North Korea?
13. What is the “DMZ”? Where is it located?

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