1. Communists vs Nationalists Communists controlled NW China (led by Mao Zedong) Used peasants to wage warfare against the Japanese in the NE Nationalist forces controlled SW China (lead by Jiang Jieshi) U.S. sends aid from 1942-45 to fight the Japanese in WWII Nationalists army saves its money for a future fight with Mao Zedong

2. China

3. Communists vs Nationalists Nationalists outnumbered the Communists Communists gain the support of the peasants by promising to return land back to them By 1949, Communists gain control of China By 1950 Mao signs a treaty of friendship with the Soviet Union Jieshi flees for Taiwan

4. China

5. China & Taiwan Jieshi gets help from the U.S. to start a government Soviets give support to China China & the Soviets would protect each other if either were attacked U.S. tries to stop Communism from spreading China pushes into Tibet, India & Mongolia

6. Two Chinas Affect the Cold War

7. China Transforms Mao Zedong controls both the Communist party & the govt. Divided the land amongst the peasants and to join collective farms Private companies were nationalized Zedong pushed for communes – Larger farms with 25,000 people working China & Soviets relationship begins to fade away Both wanted to lead the Communist ideas around the world

8. Culture Changes in China After Mao’s failure, he reduced his role in government People moved away from strict socialists ideas Mao calls for a student revolution Red Guard forms 1966 and leads the Cultural Revolution Goal to establish society of peasants & workers as equals Crack down on intellectual & artistic thinking