1. Collapse of Chinese Imperial Rule
Chapter 14, Section 3

2. What We Can Expect Early 1900s China
Foreign countries control much of China
There are two camps in China:
The ones who wanted change
And those that did not

3. Nationalists Overthrow Qing Dynasty
A group pushing for change called the Kuomintang (AKA Nationalist Party)
Lead by Sun Yixian (yee shyahn)
1912 they overthrow the Qing that had ruled China since 1644

4. Shaky Start Sun Yixian becomes President
China is now a Republic
“Three Principles of the People”
Nationalism – end of foreign control
People’s Rights – democracy
People’s Livelihood – economic security for all
Nationalism is his key goal

5. Shaky Start
Sun turns over the Presidency (after 6 weeks) to General Yuan Shikai
Shikai rules as a military dictator
He abandons democracy in China
Revolt breaks out Shikai dies in 1916
No one holds power
Civil war breaks out
Warlords rule areas of China

6. WWI and More Problems
1917 China sides with the Allies thinking they would return all of China to the Chinese
Treaty of Versailles:
China thought German lands would return
Instead it gave those lands to Japan

7. May Fourth Movement When the Treaty hit China = anger
May 4, 1919: 3000 protest breaks out
Mao Zedong is among the protestors
Mao will become China’s greatest revolutionary “The Great Helmsman”
Chinese revolutionaries want:
A strong modern China
They dislike the west so they move to Communism and USSR values

8. Communist Party in China
Groups formed from the educated (U)
Talked about Marx
Thought they should follow Lenin’s lead
1921 the Communist party is formed

9. Lenin and China
Sun Yixian and National Party step up a gov in the south
All groups now dislike the west (TreoVer)
Sun looks to ally with USSR
Soviets come to aid Sun
Lenin gives help if communist join

10. Nationalist and Communist Clash
Sun dies in 1925
Chiang Kai-shek takes over and fears communism, and so does his crew
Kai and communist fight together
Defeat the warlords
But Kai turns on them in April 1927
Many communist leaders are killed
1928 China is a Republic, but communism waits

11. Peasants and Communist
Kai changed his name to Jiang Jieshi
Jiang’s gov became less democratic
They disregard the rural areas
So, rural peasants join the communist
Mao Zedong gathers them and starts his revolution
The “grassroots” revolution

12. Civil War 1930 Nationalist and Communist fight
Mao gains peasant support in countryside
Mao’s Red Army
Used guerrilla warfare tactics

13. Civil War
The Long March 1933 – 700,000 Nationalist surrounded the communist stronghold
The communist could not win and fled
Marched 6,000 miles
The whole time the Nationalist followed
Lasted more then a year
100,000 – 10,000 to 30,000 made it to safety

14. Japan’s Invasion 1937 as China fights China, Japan invades
This attack begins WWII for China and Japan (some contest the whole war)
Let’s just say Japan really messes up China
Killing, raping, destroying, all the evil things
China is in survival mode