1. Animal Evolution Chpt. 32

2. Multicellular

3. Multicellular Heterotrophic digest within body

4. MulticellularHeterotrophic Eukaryotic, no cell wall

5. MulticellularHeterotrophic Specialized cells

6. MulticellularHeterotrophic Eukaryotic, no cell wall Specialized cells Dominant diploid stage, sexual reproduction

7. Most, capable of locomotion at some point in lifetime.

8. Most capable of locomotion Most have nerve cells and muscle cells -> respond & move

9. Large nonmotile egg (n) + small flagellated sperm (n) = ZYGOTESexual Reproduction genetic diversity* genetic diversity * genetic diversity

10. mitotic divisions w/o cell growth (cleavage)

11. cleavage results in multicellular stage ---> blastula

12. end stage of cleavage

13. zygote to blastula - sea urchin

14. embryonic stem cells

15. human manipulation of embryonic stem cells

16. one end of the embryo folds inward - > Gastrulation- layers of embryonic tissue that w/ develop into body parts are formed

17. one end of the embryo folds inward - > Gastrulation- process during which three germ layers form

18. expands

19. fills the blastocoel (cavity)

20. produces layers of tissue

21. Gastrulation- process during which three germ layers form http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8v6cXkzlEQA&feature=related

22. Gastrula

23. ectoderm

24. Ectoderm becomes: outer covering, nervous system

25. endoderm

26. Endoderm becomes: digestive tract

27. mesoderm

28. Mesoderm becomes: muscles, blood

32. Genes that direct development of major body parts in an animal … provide positional information Impact morphology of the organism Transformation of a zygote to an animal of specific form is controlled by:

34. Origin of animals from a flagellated protist??

35. Parazoa -

36. Eumetazoa -

37. Parazoa - no tissues

38. Parazoa - no tissues (function like colonial protists)

40. porifera

42. Parazoa - Eumetazoa -

43. Eumetazoa - have true tissues

45. Eumetazoa true tissues arrangement of body symmetry

46. Eumetazoa true tissues Radial Symmetry arrangement of body structure

47. Receives stimuli from all directions all parts radiate from center

50. Eumetazoa true tissues Radial Symmetry Bilateral Symmetry arrangement of body structure

51. Cephalization

52. What is the evolutionary advantage of cephalization???

54. Eumetazoa Bilateral Symmetry Type of body cavity

55. Eumetazoa Bilateral Symmetry Acoelomate Type of body cavity

56. no body cavity between digestive cavity & outer body wall no tube outside of a tube

57. Eumetazoa Bilateral Symmetry Acoelomate Body cavity Type of body cavity

58. Have body cavity tube outside a tube

60. Body cavity, not completely lined with mesoderm

61. Have body cavity - mesoderm completely surrounds

62. Eumetazoa Bilateral Symmetry Coelomate

63. Body cavity, completely lined with mesoderm

64. Eumetazoa Bilateral Symmetry Pseudocoelomate Differences in pattern of early development

65. Eumetazoa Bilateral Symmetry Coelomate Differences in pattern of early development

66. Eumetazoa Bilateral Symmetry Coelomate Protosom es Differences in pattern of early development

67. Eumetazoa Bilateral Symmetry Coelomate Protosom es Deuterostom es Differences in pattern of early development

68. 1. Pattern of cleavage

69. 2. Coelom formation mesoderm stays connected forming coelom mesoderm splits forming coelom

70. 2. Coelom formation Top view - deuterostomes

71. 2. Coelom formation protostome

72. 3. Blastopore “fate”