1. I. History Introduction A. Background Thoughts

2. 1. Aristotle, 300BCScalae Naturae = fixed state Major ContributorsContributions & Controversies 2. Theology Creationism 3. Linnaeus, 1700’s Taxonomy 4. Buffon, 1700’sMultiple creation sites & times

3. Major ContributorsContributions & Controversies 5. Hutton, 1700’sEarth older than 6,000yrs 6. Malthus, 1700’sResources limits populations 7. Cuvier, 1800’s Catastrophism 8. Lyell, 1800’s Uniformitarianism

4. B. Idea Evolution

5. Contributor Contribution 1. Anaxamander, 300BCStriving for Complexity 2. Lamarck, 1800’sInheritance of Acquired Characteristics 3. Mendel, 1860’sGenetics and Inheritance 4. Darwin, 1860’s Natural Selection and Descent with Modification

6. II. What is Life? A. Living from Non-living

7. 1. Characteristics of Life a. Highly Organized Figure 1.4

8. b. Transform Energy Figure 1.5

10. c. Reproduce

12. d. Grow and Develop

14. e. Irritable & Adaptable

16. f. Practice Homeostasis

17. Figure 1.3a

18. Figure 1.13b

19. B. Studying Life

20. 1. Scientific Method a. Reasoning b. Process

21. Figure 1.24

22. Experimental variables: i. Independent = tested for or manipulated ii. Dependent = changes due to Independent iii. Control = held constant

23. Figure 1.25

24. C. Classifying Life 1. Categories D, K, P, C, O, F, G, & S

25. Kingdom Monera Kingdom Protista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae Figure 1.15

26. Kingdom Animalia Figure 1.15

27. III. Characteristics of Animals A. Shared Characteristics

28. multi-cellular heterotrophs, contractile proteins, special tissues, stages of development, motile, and fixed adult size

29. IV. Evidence of Selection A. Fossil Record

30. The fossil record is based on what three key points of data to age identify them? Strata Positioning & Half-Life Dating Racemization Magnetic Reversal

31. B. Comparative Anatomy

32. Analogous structures = Outward similar inward different or same function different structure Figure 1.21

33. Homologous Structures = Outward different inward similar or same structure different function Vestigial Structures =Outwardly useless remnants?? Figure 22.15

34. C. Comparative Embryology

35. Similarities in developmental patterns in animals Figure 32.8 Figure 32.9

36. D. Molecular Homology

37. Homologies between species (yeast, wheat, & primate) in the sequential amino acid make-up of cytochrome C3.C3.

38. E. Current Evidence 1. Artificial Selection

39. That’s all for now folks.