2. E208 Inherit the Wind

3. Butler Act Said no one could teach anything other than creationism. Said no one could teach anything other than creationism. Section 1- unlawful to teach theory denying divine creation. Section 1- unlawful to teach theory denying divine creation. Section 2- Misdemeanor, fine $100-$500. Section 2- Misdemeanor, fine $100-$500. Section 3- State Law, March 21, 1925. Section 3- State Law, March 21, 1925.

4. Scopes Trial/Monkey Trial  Dayton,TN-(small conservative town- Bible Belt) Where  Hillsboro- a small town  Not too long ago  July 1925 Where

5. Defendant  Charged w/ violation of the Butler Act. ACLU- Test Constitutionality of Butler Act.  Bertram Cates Who  John Scopes  Teacher who taught theory of evolution from Darwin’s Origin of the Species Who  Same

6. Prosecutor  - Fundamentalist  Approach- Fundamentalist  Same William Jennings Bryan Matthew Harrison Brady  Bible -Literal interpretation (ex. Jonah & the Whale)  Orator – Famous speaker w/ personal magnetism  Same

7. Defense Clarence DarrowHenry Drummond Approach -Common Sense & individual freedom  Same “Freedom” – Expression to protect individual rights & defend rights to teach evolution  Same Lawyer – From Chicago- animosity toward him. Foremost legal mind.  Same

8. Newspaper Reporter H. L. Mencken E. K. Hornbeck Journalist, Baltimore Sun Cynical humorist Hostile to censorship Biased against country people Rude and insulting

9. Attitude of the Townspeople  Circus-Lemonade stands  Selling fans and Bibles  Nation wide publicity  Ready to defend against foreigners but curious

10. ACLU- American Civil Liberties Union Their part in the trial- Volunteered their services Basis for involvement- Offered money to anyone willing to challenge the law. Aids- Financial assistance, legal advice, publicity

11. The Final Decision  Jury – out 9 minutes  Scopes found guilty- $100 fine  Case appealed – verdict thrown out – judicial errors  Butler Act was repealed in 1969.  4 days after trial – Bryan dies of cerebral hemorrhage during a nap after a heavy meal

12. Since then…  1970 – Mississippi – last state with anti-evolution law overturned  1968 – Epperson vs. Arkansas – Supreme Court declares anti-evolution law unconstitutional – primary purpose religious  1987 – Edwards vs. Aguillard – strike down Louisiana law requiring biology teachers to also teach creationism  1999- Kansas State Board of Education – removes evolution from state standardized test, essentially encouraging teachers to eliminate it from their curriculums