1. Stopping distances for cars

2. Know your speed limits – fill in the missing speeds?

3. Built up area

4. Built up area

5. Single carriageway

6. Dual carriageway

7. Dual carriageway is ending

8. Motorway

9. Know your speed limits – fill in the missing speeds?

10. Lesson objective: know your stopping distances
Lesson outcomes:
State what is the meaning of braking distance, thinking distance and stopping distance.
Describe what can affect the braking distance, thinking distance and stopping distance.
Explain – aquaplaning E C A

12. Would you like a car?

13. Visit nice places

14. Well, you need to pass your test first
Well, you need to pass your test first! A written exam and a practical exam

15.  Stopping distances  How long does it take a moving vehicle to stop?
Thinking distance is the distance a car travels before the brakes are applied.
The stopping distance is the sum of the thinking distance and the braking distance.
Braking distance is the distance a car travels whilst the brakes are being applied.
Braking distance
Thinking distance
Stopping distance
Stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance

16. Thinking distance Braking distance
The distance the car travels in the split second between a hazard appearing and the driver applying the brakes
Braking distance
The distance the car travels during its deceleration, whilst the brakes are being applied

17. The total stopping distance = thinking distance + breaking distance
30mph
9m +
14m = 6 car lengths
50mph
15m m = 13 car lengths
21m m = 24 car lengths
70mph

21. Thinking distance It is affected by 3 main things:
How fast you are going
Being wide awake – drugs, tiredness, alcohol, carelessness and old age.
Visibility – rain, oncoming lights, fog and the night.

24. It is affected by 4 main factors:
Braking distance
It is affected by 4 main factors:
How fast you are going
The mass (or load) of the vehicle
If the car is poorly maintained – brakes and tyres (groves in tyres – 1.6mm deep)
The grip of the road surface – on a wet road you can skid twice as long

25. Why is this illegal? How will this affect your stopping distance?
Bald tyres make stopping distances shorter on dry roads, Why
A bald tyre has more contact on the road and therefore more friction!

26. What about aquaplaning ?
On a wet road, tyre treads channel water out from between the tyre and the road
Removing the water away from the tyre and the road

27. What about aquaplaning ?
Bald tyres allow a thin layer of water to stay between the tyre and the road, reducing friction
Why do racing drivers change their tyres when it is wet?

28. Can you match up the words with their definitions?
Stopping distance
Friction
Thinking distance
Braking distance
One of forces the road exerts on the tyres as the car is stopping.
The distance a car travels whilst it is braking.
The distance a car travels before the brakes are applied.
The sum of thinking distance and the braking distance.

29. What factors affect braking and thinking distance?
Braking distance
Speed of car
Speed of car
Drugs and alcohol
Road conditions
Condition of tyres
Tiredness
Medication
Condition of brakes
Medication
Condition of tyres
Speed of car
Drugs and alcohol
Road conditions
Tiredness
Condition of brakes

30. Medication, drugs/alcohol, speed of car, tiredness
Braking car question:
A car is moving along an open road. Suddenly, a sheep walks into the road.
What do we call the distance the car travels before the driver puts their foot on the brakes?
Name one factor that could increase the distance the car travels in this time.
The braking distance is 35m for the car. If the stopping distance is 50m, how far did the car travel before the driver put their foot on the brakes?
Thinking distance
Medication, drugs/alcohol, speed of car, tiredness
Thinking distance = Stopping distance – braking distance
= 50m – 35m
= 15m

31. http://www. driving-test-success

32. Stopping a car… Tiredness Too much alcohol Thinking distance
Too many drugs
Poor visibility
Wet roads
Icy roads
Braking distance
Tyres/brakes worn out
Driving too fast

33. What other measures are taken to stop motorists from speeding?
Speed kills
What other measures are taken to stop motorists from speeding?

34. Thinking distance
The distance the car travels in the split second between a hazard appearing and the driver applying the brakes
Reaction timer
You can test your reactions by holding the top of a 30cm ruler, hanging vertically between a partners finger and thumb.
When you let go (no warning) your partner has to grip the ruler as quickly as possible.
The slower your partner's reaction time the further the ruler will fall( see table, page 138, physics for you).