1. Composite Resin Material
Part 1
Dr. Nesrien Ateyah

2. History  Ideal esthetic material for conservative
restorations has resulted in improvements
in materials and techniques.
 To improve the physical characteristics of
the esthetic materials, they develop a
polymeric dental restorative material
reinforced with silica particles (1962)
generally termed composites.

3.  Composites are presently the most popular tooth-colored materials and with acid etch technique (1952) represent major advances.

4. Composition Inorganic filler Organic resin matrix
Filled (composite) resin restorative materials are all basically two-phase systems.
Dispersed phase of Continuous phase
high strength of polymeric
ceramic particles matrix
Inorganic filler Organic resin matrix
Silane coupling agent

5. Inorganic Filler Lithium aluminum silicate Barium aluminum silicate
Quartz, borosilicate glass
Lithium aluminum silicate
Inorganic
Filler
Barium aluminum silicate
Strontium or zinc glass

6. Reduce the polymerization shrinkage.
Inorganic Filler
Reduce the polymerization shrinkage.
Reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion.
Provide higher strength , stiffness , FX. resistance
 thermal dimension change.

7. Translucency matching tooth structure.
Chemical inert ness
Opaque to x-ray to help making a post operative diagnosis (radiopacity).
Most material contain percent filler by weight.

8. Organic Resin Matrix Mixing chemically reactive polymeric materials.
After insertion  continuous ductile phase to bind dispersed filler particles together.
This ductile resin act as a medium to transfer the stress b/w the particles (prevent distortion of the material).
The resin systems are highly cross-linked , aromatic dimethacrylates. (BisGMA) diluted with less viscous co monomers , Initiator.

9. Silane Coupling Agent  wear resistance
For a composite to have a good mechanical and physical properties, a strong bond must exist b/w
Organic resin Inorganic filler
matrix
Silane coupling agent
  strength of composite
  solubility
  water absorption
Silane Coupling Agent
 wear resistance

10. Inorganic Filler Types of Composite
Divided into 3 types based primarily on
Size Amount Composition
Inorganic Filler

11. Types of Composites (cont’n)
Early composite contained
Large Large Micro fine Fine
spherical irregular particles particles
particles [  m] [0.5-3  m]
[20-30m]
Blends
(hybrid)

12. Types of Composites (cont’n)
1. Conventional
2. Micro fill Composites
3. Hybrid

13. Conventional Composites
 Contain 75 to 80 % inorganic filler by weight ( vol.)
 Particle size range from 1 to 10 m, with the average of 3 m.
Uses:
Class IV and II

14.  extreme hardness of inorganic filler.
Disadvantages:
 Because of the :
 large size and
 extreme hardness of inorganic filler.
It exhibits a rough surface texture then
 surface discoloration
 higher initial wear
But
 they have good physical and mechanical properties.

15. Micro fill Composites:
 Designed to replace the rough surface characteristic of conventional composites with :
 smooth
 lustrous surface
Colloidal silica particles m instead of large filler particles.
Results in
 smooth, polished surface
  respective to plaque or staining.

16. ( low modulus of elasticity )
Microfill Composites: (cont’n)
 They have 35 to 60% inorganic filler by wt., so it cannot be heavily filled, because of greater surface area per unit volume of this microfine particles ( vol.).
Result in:
 inferior physical and
 mechanical properties
Higher wear resistant clinically
Uses: ( Anterior rest class III , V )
( low modulus of elasticity )

17. Hybrid Composites:
 Developed to combine the good physical and mechanical characteristics of conventional composites with the smooth surface of micro fill composites.
 These materials have 70 to 80 % by wt., inorganic filler content (50 – 65 vol.).

18. Conventional Micro fill particles
Hybrid Composites: (cont’n)
The filler is a mixture
Conventional Micro fill particles
that have a smaller average particle size than conventional composites [  m] and bigger than micro fill .

19. Hybrid Composites: (cont’ n)
Due to the presence of sub-micron sized particles inter spread among the larger particles allows a smooth surface texture to be attained in the finished restoration.
 They have good physical and mechanical characteristics.
Uses: ( Anterior, posterior, IV )

20. Advantages of Composites:
The physical properties of the composite
resins are improved over those of certain other
esthetic materials.
1) Solubility is not observed.
2) Water sorption is lower
3) Fluid exchange within the polymer
decreased, this will promote
Chemically Color
Stability

21. 1) It has greater capacity to resist masticatory stress.
Advantages: (cont’n)
 Mechanical properties of the filled resin
also enhanced.
1) It has greater capacity to resist masticatory stress.
2) Surface hardness is higher
(resistance to indentation)

22. 3) Stiffness is improved
(resistance to distortion)
4) Dimensional stability is improved.
5)Initial shrinkage on polymerization is reduced to 1/4 (less leakage)

23.  dimensional change during thermal cycling minimized
Advantages: (cont’n)
6) Thermal coefficient of expansions is decreased by 60% (3x tooth structure)
clinically
 better adaptation to cavity walls and margins.
 dimensional change during thermal cycling minimized
resulting to
 less marginal leakage

24. 7) Thermal conductivity is quite low
Advantages: (cont’n)
7) Thermal conductivity is quite low
 resin has capability to insulate from thermal change.

25. 2 - Conserve tooth structure
Advantages of Composites
Over Amalgam
1- Esthetic
2 - Conserve tooth structure
3 - Strengthening remaining tooth structure
4 -No corrosion
5 –No galvanic reaction

26. 1- Less wear resistance in stress area.
Disadvantages
Over Amalgam
1- Less wear resistance in stress area.
2- Technique sensitivity
3- Higher coefficient of thermal expansion
4- Low modulus of elasticity

27. Indications: Indications:
1) Anterior restoration ( III , IV, V, VI )
2) Posterior restoration ( I , II ) 3) Diastema closure
4) Preventive Resin Restoration
5) Veneering
6) FX. Of Anterior teeth
Indications:
Indications:
5) 4) FX. Of anterior teeth
7) Inlay and Onlay

32. Contraindications
1 - ISOLATION
2 - OCCLOUSION
3 – ROOT CARIES

33.  Restorative material manipulation  Moisture control
 Cavity preparation
 Restorative material
manipulation
 Moisture control
The successful placement of a composite
restoration requires meticulous attention
to detail regarding

34. NK A TH U
Y O

37. Indications: Indications:
1) Anterior restoration ( III , IV, V, VI )
Indications:
Indications:
5) 4) FX. Of anterior teeth