1. Superelevation

2. Shaping Shaping is the process of placing complex shapes into a design file to represent an area of pavement slope. Shapes can be either non-transitional or transitional. – Non-transitional shapes have a constant slope the entire length of the shape. – Transitional shapes have a different slope at each end of the shape, and GEOPAK will linearly or parabolically interpolate between. Transitional types would be used for super-elevation transition areas.

3. Pavement Shapes 2% 3% 2% -1%0%

4. Shape Clusters Every shape has four attributes, depending upon how you want to define your Profile Grade Line. – Baseline – Profile – Tie – PGL-Chain (Optional)

5. Shape Clusters Every shape has four attributes, depending upon how you want to define your Profile Grade Line. – Baseline – Profile – Tie – PGL-Chain (Optional) A group of shapes that have the same attributes is referred to as a “Shape Cluster”.

6. Pavement Shapes baseline = Route50 profile = Route50pr tie = -30 baseline = Route50 profile = Route50pr tie = 30

7. Dependent and Independent Shapes There are two types of shapes, DEPENDENT and INDEPENDENT, which refer to how elevations on the pavement surfaces are calculated. – Elevations on pavement surfaces represented by DEPENDENT shapes are determined directly from the profile. – Elevations on pavement surfaces represented by INDEPENDENT shapes do not rely on the proposed profile, but are connected to the adjacent shape.

8. Dependent and Independent Shapes 575 -2.0% -3.0% -2.0% C B A (DEPENDENT) (INDEPENDENT) PGL 3.0% 2.0% PGL A B C

9. Dependent and Independent Shapes 575 -2.0% -3.0% -2.0% C B A (DEPENDENT) (INDEPENDENT) PGL 3.0% 2.0% PGL A B C 3.0%

10. Dependent and Independent Shapes A GOOD RULE OF THUMB: ONE DEPENDENT SHAPE FOR EACH SHAPE CLUSTER.

11. Longitudinal Edges and Filler Lines Since shapes are standard MicroStation complex shapes, they consist of a series of connected elements that form a closed surface. These element can be classified into two types: Longitudinal Edges – Typically, these consist of the roadway edges of pavement or lane lines. These line do not represent slopes. Filler Lines – These lines represent the beginning and ending slopes of a pavement shape. Each of these lines always represent a slope value.

12. Longitudinal Edges and Filler Lines x x -2% 0% -2% 0%