1. Ch. 12 The Spread of Civilization in East and Southeast Asia

2. Section 1- Two Golden Ages of China
Confucius

3. Tang Dynasty Reunifies China
Sui Dynasty under Sui Wendi ( )
First Tang emperor was Li Yuan
Vietnam, Tibet, and Korea become tributary states – states that remained self-governing, but recognized Chinese supremacy and pay tribute
Tang Warrior
Sui Wendi

4. Tang Government Reinstituted Han government
Recruited talented officials trained in Confucian philosophy
Tang brought land reform
Split land holdings among the peasants
Weakened the power of large landowners

5. Tang Declines Lost land to Arabs Downward swing of dynastic cycle
Corruption, high taxes, drought, famine, rebellions
Ceramic colored horse
From Tang Dynasty
On display in Shanghai
Museum

6. The Song Dynasty Ruled for 319 years Smaller state than the Tang
Constant bombardment from the North
Song culture flourished
Grand Canal- linked the Huang
and Chang Rivers
New type of rice
Foreign trade thrived under the
Tang and Song Dynasties
This Song-period
reproduction of an
eighth-century
landscape depicts
Tang dynasty
emperor Xuanzong
(the mounted figure
in foreground
wearing red) fleeing
with his party to
Szechwan.

7. China’s Ordered Society
Gentry- wealth landowning class
Gentry valued education above all else
Peasants worked and lived off the land
The emperor was far removed from peasant life
Slavery played a minor role in Chinese society
Merchants are the lowest class because Confucian virtues said that merchants gained their wealth from others work
Attitudes toward merchants effected the economy

8. The Status of Women Higher in Tang and early Song periods that later
Control of household issues
Women could not keep dowries or remarry
Boys valued more that girls
Girls become part of their husbands family when they married
Foot binding

9. Tang and Song Culture Artist Paint Harmony Architecture- pagoda
Similar to Indian
stupa
Porcelain- “chinaware”
Chinese writing- Li Bo

10. Section 2- Mongol and Ming Empires

11. Mongols Mongols are nomads from Central Asia
Graze horses and kept sheep on the steppes- vast, treeless plains

12. Genghis Khan United Mongolian tribes Highly trained horsemen
Fierce leader
Used cannons and gun powder
Died before conquest was complete, but his heirs finished the job

13. Pax Mongolia “Mongol Peace” 1200s-1300s Mongols not oppressive rulers
Made travel on the Silk Road safe
Trading and inventions reach Europe

14. China Under Mongol Rule
Kublai Khan
Genghis Khan’s grandson
Defeated the last Song emperor in 1279
Ruled all of China, Korea, and Tibet
He wanted to keep the Mongols and Chinese separate
Gave top positions to Mongols only
Welcomed foreigners to his court

15. Li Bai Taking a Stroll
13th Century Southern Song Dynasty

16. Brushed by his sleeves,
Wild flowers dance in the wind;
Fleeing from him,
Hidden birds cut short their song.
Ma Yuan
Song Dynasty
On a Mountain Path in Spring

17. Marco Polo 1254-1324 Traveled from Venice, Italy to China
Spent 17 years in Kublai Khan’s service
Sparked European interest in Asia
He left a written account of his travels
p , complete questions 1 and 2 in pairs and discuss

19. Ming Restore Chinese Rule
Yuan dynasty declined after Kublai Khan’s death in 1294
Chinese hated Mongol rulers
Uprisings were common
Zhu Yuanzhang, a peasant leader, created a rebel army
He established the Ming (brilliant) dynasty in 1368
Ming restores typical Chinese government

21. Chinese Fleets Sail the Seas
Zheng He- Chinese admiral and diplomat
Sailed all around the Pacific and Indian Oceans with his huge fleet and 28,000 sailors
Reached India, Persian Gulf, and the east coast of Africa
Showed lesser kingdoms the power and prestige of the Chinese
Some Chinese permanently settled in these trading port cities

23. Exploration Ends Zheng He died in 1435
In the same year the Ming emperor banned the building of seagoing ships
Why would they do this?
Urging of traditional Confucian scholars?
Costly fleets?
What might have happened if Ming China kept exploring? (Hint: Think Christopher Columbus)

24. Section 3- Korea and Its Traditionsp

25. Geography of the Korean Peninsula
Located on a peninsula that juts out from China
Points south toward Japan
70% mountains
Most people live on the fertile west coast
Its location so close to China and Japan profoundly effected the course of Korean history

26. Development of Korea
Korean migrated from Siberia and Manchuria during the Stone Age
They developed their own culture before China’s influence during the Han dynasty
From 100 B.C. to A.D. 676 there were 3 kingdoms: Koguryo in the north, Paekche in the southwest, and Silla in the southeast

27. Korea during the 3 kingdom period

28. Development of the Silla and Koryo Dynasties
The 3 kingdoms often fought with each other and with China
Chinese influence government, Buddhism, arts
Backed by the Tang emperor, the Silla kingdom defeated Paekche and Koguryo in 676, uniting Korea
Silla
Koryo
Choson

29. Silla Dynasty Prosperous time in Korean history Traded with China
Buddhism flourished
The capital of Kyongju was modeled off the Tang capital of Chang’an
Copied Chinese civil service examinations but only allowed aristocrats to take the tests

30. Koryo Dynasty New capital at Songak
The name Korea comes from this dynasty
Invented movable type
Created porcelain called Celadon- bluish green glaze
Very difficult to perfect
Highly prized throughout Asia

32. Koryo Dynasty
Incense burner
Celadon pottery from start to finish

33. Choson Dynasty Hangul is created as the new alphabet
Made during the reign of King Sejong
Uses symbols to represent the sounds of spoken Korean
Promotes a very high literacy rate
The Japanese invaded in the 1590s causing destruction and brought many Korean artisans back to Japan

34. The original decree by Korean King Sejong establishing the Hangul writing
system. In 1446, Sejong promulgated a new writing system, intended to
enable the common people to read and write. However, the Chinese language
remained the preferred linguistic medium of the scholarly bureaucracy and of
educated Koreans.

35. King Sejong