1. The Babylonia ns

2. End of Sumer After death of Sargon I (2334 – 2279 B.C.) – empire crumbledAfter death of Sargon I (2334 – 2279 B.C.) – empire crumbled Mesopotamia – individual city- statesMesopotamia – individual city- states Ur – gained power once againUr – gained power once again By 2000 B.C. – Ur was in ruinsBy 2000 B.C. – Ur was in ruins What happened? Foreign attacks - Amorites End of Sumer

4. Babylonian Empire Divided into 3 erasDivided into 3 eras Old Babylonia Period: 2000- 1595 B.C.Old Babylonia Period: 2000- 1595 B.C. Middle Babylonian Period: 1595–1000 B.C.Middle Babylonian Period: 1595–1000 B.C. Neo-Babylonian Period: 1000-539 B.C.Neo-Babylonian Period: 1000-539 B.C. Babylonian Empire

5. Amorites Nomadic peoples who migrated about 2034Nomadic peoples who migrated about 2034Why? Maybe large scale drought Conquered MesopotamiaConquered Mesopotamia 2150 – conquered Canaan2150 – conquered Canaan Amorite Period: 2034 – 1600 B.C.Amorite Period: 2034 – 1600 B.C. 1894 B.C. – Amorite Dynasty in Babylon1894 B.C. – Amorite Dynasty in Babylon Amorites

7. The Rise of Babylon The Rise of Babylon Amorite built cities throughout MesopotamiaAmorite built cities throughout Mesopotamia Babylon – once Sumerian townBabylon – once Sumerian town Euphrates RiverEuphrates River Present day – Baghdad, IraqPresent day – Baghdad, Iraq The Rise of Babylon

9. Babylon Became most important city during the reign of HammurabiBecame most important city during the reign of Hammurabi Traded SURPLUS – more than is needed; extra – for money or goodsTraded SURPLUS – more than is needed; extra – for money or goods Traded as far away as China and IndiaTraded as far away as China and India Babylon

10. Hammurabi 1792 B.C.1792 B.C. Amorite kingAmorite king Conquered Akkad and Sumer (Mesopotamia)Conquered Akkad and Sumer (Mesopotamia) Established Babylonian empireEstablished Babylonian empire Babylon - CapitalBabylon - Capital Hammurabi

11. Hammurabi People of Babylon borrowed ideas from othersPeople of Babylon borrowed ideas from others Culture – way of lifeCulture – way of life Cultural DiffusionCultural Diffusion Worshipped Sumerian gods; gave them Babylonian namesWorshipped Sumerian gods; gave them Babylonian names Hammurabi

12. Hammurabi Reigned for 42 yearsReigned for 42 years Reign – Period of powerReign – Period of power Golden Age of BabylonGolden Age of Babylon Hammurabi

13. Hammurabi’s Accomplishments Reform – improvementReform – improvement Building ProjectsBuilding Projects Hammurabi’s Accomplishments

14. Irrigation Projects Improved by rebuilding and repairing canalsImproved by rebuilding and repairing canals Irrigation Projects

15. Tax System Improved collection systemImproved collection system Taxes needed to fund building projects and programs for the poorTaxes needed to fund building projects and programs for the poor Tax System

16. Changed the Religion Raised god of Babylon above other godsRaised god of Babylon above other gods Worshipped own gods and god of Babylon (Marduk)Worshipped own gods and god of Babylon (Marduk) Used religion to enforce lawsUsed religion to enforce laws United them religiouslyUnited them religiously Changed the Religion

17. Trade Increased tradeIncreased trade Brought prosperityBrought prosperity No wealth – No powerNo wealth – No power Trade

19. Government Projects Housing ProgramHousing Program Government Projects

20. Code of Laws Each city-state had its own code of lawsEach city-state had its own code of laws Hammurabi took the best laws from eachHammurabi took the best laws from each Code of Laws

21. Dealt with almost every part of daily lifeDealt with almost every part of daily life-trade-loans-theft-marriage-injury-murder Code of Laws

22. Concerned with being fair and justConcerned with being fair and just Social class was important:Social class was important: -injuring a rich man greater penalty -injuring a rich man greater penalty Code of Laws

23. Royal judges appointed – punished if not honestRoyal judges appointed – punished if not honest Witnesses – punished if not truthfulWitnesses – punished if not truthful Upper Class – punished more severelyUpper Class – punished more severely Innocent until proven guiltyInnocent until proven guilty Code of Laws

24. Why is this important? ThoroughThorough Written down for all to seeWritten down for all to see Code of Laws

25. 6. If a man has stolen goods from a temple, or house, he shall be put to death; and he that has received the stolen property from him shall be put to death. Code of Laws

26. 8. If a patrician has stolen ox, sheep, ass, pig, or ship, whether from a temple, or a house, he shall pay thirtyfold. If he be a plebeian, he shall return tenfold. If the thief cannot pay, he shall be put to death Code of Laws

27. 14. If a man has stolen a child, he shall be put to death. Code of Laws

28. 22. If a man has committed highway robbery and has been caught, that man shall be put to death. Code of Laws

29. 109. If conspirators meet in the house of a tavern- keeper, and these conspirators are not captured and delivered to the court, the tavern- keeper shall be put to death.109. If conspirators meet in the house of a tavern- keeper, and these conspirators are not captured and delivered to the court, the tavern- keeper shall be put to death. Code of Laws

30. 110. If a "sister of a god" open a tavern, or enter a tavern to drink, then shall this woman be burned to death Code of Laws

31. 192. If the son of a palace favorite or the son of a vowed woman has said to the father that brought him up, "You are not my father," or to the mother that brought him up, "You are not my mother," his tongue shall be cut out. Code of Laws

32. 195. If a son has struck his father, his hands shall be cut off. Code of Laws

33. 196. If a man has knocked out the eye of a patrician, his eye shall be knocked out. Code of Laws

34. 199. If he has knocked out the eye of a patrician's servant, or broken the limb of a patrician's servant, he shall pay half his value. Code of Laws

35. 229. If a builder has built a house for a man, and has not made his work sound, and the house he built has fallen, and caused the death of its owner, that builder shall be put to death. Code of Laws

36. 230. If it is the owner's son that is killed, the builder's son shall be put to death. Code of Laws

37. 231. If it is the slave of the owner that is killed, the builder shall give slave for slave to the owner of the house. Code of Laws