1. The Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand Chapter 19

2. zBones zArticulations zLigaments and Capsule zSynovium and Bursa zMusculature zNerve Supply zBlood Supply zFunctional Anatomy Elbow Anatomy

3. Preventing/Assessing Elbow Injuries zHistory zObservation zPalpation (bony and soft tissue) zSpecial Tests yTinel sign yTest for capsular injury yValgus and Varus tests yMedial and Lateral Epicondylitis Test yPinch Grip test yPinch Grip Test yPronator Test syndrome test zFunctional Evaluation

4. Recognition and Management of Injuries zContusion yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zOlecranon Bursitis yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zStrains yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Elbow Sprains yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Lateral Epicondylitis yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Medial Epicondylitis yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement

5. Recognition and Management of Injuries (contd.) zElbow Osteochondritis Dissecans yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zLittle League Elbow yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zCubital Tunnel Syndrome yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Elbow Dislocation yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Fracture of the Elbow yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Volkmann’s Contracture yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement

6. Rehabilitation Principles for the Elbow zPhase I - immobilization (maintain wrist and hand strength) - 6 weeks zPhase II - Increase ROM (after cast removal) yTherapy: Ice (5 to 15 minutes) yExercise: PREs in all directions zGeneral Body Conditioning zJoint mobilization zFlexibility zStrengthening zFunctional Progression zReturn to Activity zProtective Taping and Bracing

7. Forearm Anatomy zRadius and Ulna: Elbow yJoints: radioulnar joint (superior, middle, and distal) zBone: proximal radial head, olecranon process, radial shaft, ulnar shaft, distal radius, radial styloid process, ulnar head, ulnar styloid zMusculature: Forearm, flexors, pronators, extensors, and supinators zNerve/Blood Supply: median and radial nerve and brachial, radial, and ulnar artery

8. Forearm Assessment zHistory zObservation zPalpation zSpecial Tests

9. Recognition and Management of Forearm Injuries zContusion yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zForearm Splints yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Colles’ fracture yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Forearm Splints yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement

10. Wrist, Hand, and Finger Anatomy zBones: carpals and metacarpals zJoints: radiocarpal, carpal, metacarpal, and phalangeal joints zLigaments: “many at each joint in the hand” zMusculature: “many intrinsic and extrinsic muscles” zBlood and Nerve Supply: ulnar, median, radial nerve and radial and ulnar superficial and deep palmar arch arteries

11. Assessment of Wrist, Hand, and Finger Injuries zHistory zObservation zPalpation zSpecial Tests: Finklestein’s test, Tinel’s Sign, Phalen’s test, valgus and varus stress test, Glide test, Lunotriquetral Ballotment test zCirculatory and Neurological Evaluation yAllen test zFunctional Evaluation

12. Recognition and Management of Wrist, Hand, and Finger Injuries zWrist Sprain yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zTriangular Fibrocartilage Complex Injury yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zCarpal tunnel syndrome yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Tenosynovitis yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Tendinitis yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Nerve Compression, Entrapment, Palsy yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement

13. Recognition and Management of Wrist, Hand, and Finger Injuries zDe Quervain’s Disease yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zDislocation of the Lunate Bone yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Scaphoid Fracture yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Hamate Fracture yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Wrist Ganglion yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement

14. Recognition and Management of Wrist, Hand, and Finger Injuries zContusion to hand and fingers yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zBowler’s Thumb yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zJersey finger yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Trigger finger or thumb yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Mallet finger yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Boutonniere deformity yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement

15. Recognition and Management of Wrist, Hand, and Finger Injuries zDupuytren’s Contracture yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zSprains, Dislocations, and Fractures yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zGamekeeper’s Thumb yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Sprains PIP and DIP joint yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Swan neck deformity yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z PIP Dorsal dislocation yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement

16. Recognition and Management of Wrist, Hand, and Finger Injuries zMCP dislocation yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zMetacarpal fracture yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement zBennett’s Fracture yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Distal/Middle/Proximal phalangeal fracture yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement z Fingernail deformity yEtiology ySigns and Symptoms yManagement

17. Rehabilitation Principles for the Forearm, Wrist, Hand, and Fingers zGeneral Body Conditioning zJoint Mobilization zFlexibility zStrength zNeuromuscular Control zReturn to Activity