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Skeletal System
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Fill in the skeletal body on the back page of your packet. Use pages 134 in your text book.
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Terminology 126 1. aur-7. arthr(o)- 2. –poiesis8. carp- 3. brachi-9. cervic 4. oss-10. dia- 5. burso11. cox(a), pelv 6. –genesis12. dactyl, digit 13. ax-14. fov- 15. front-16. scolio 17. corac-18. condyl-
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aurear poiesisproduction brachiarm ossbone burs(o)bursa genesisborn, beginning axaxis frontforehead arthr(o)joint
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carpwrist cervicpertaining to the neck diathrough, across cox, pelvhip, hip joint dactyl, digitfinger, toes fovpit scoliotwisted coraccrows beak condylknob
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Introduction How many bones do you think are in the human body? 206 Largest Bone? Femur Smallest Bone? Ossicles (ear bones)
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Functions (5) 1.Support Body
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2. Protect organs
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3. Attachment of muscles
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4. Hemopoieses The bones make blood cells from embryonic month 5 on…
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5. Mineral Storage Ca 2 (PO 4 ) 3
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Anatomy There are basically four types of bones.
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1. Long Bones e.g. Femur Radius ulna humerus
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2. Short bones carpals
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3. Flat Bones
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4. Irregular Bones
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Parts of a long bone Please color code the femur. Color code letters a-g.
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Epiphysis A. Ends of the bone (Proximal and distal)
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Epiphyseal plate A1: Cartilage growth plates on bone ends. (Growth plate)
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(hyaline) cartilage on end of bone b bone trabeculae of spongy bone c red marrow cavity d epiphyseal plate (hyaline cartilage)
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a Epiphyseal plate made of hyaline cartilage is responsible for long bone growth. Note: The direction of growth is toward the diaphysis (shaft of long bone). Also Note: The newly forming spongy bone (below the growth plate) is not clearly organized as the older spongy bone in the epiphysis above the growth plate.
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Diaphysis B. Shaft of the bone, middle part.
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Articular Cartilage C. Cartilage layer to reduce pain and friction.
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Periosteum D. Living layer surrounding bone. Nourishing and growth in width.
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Spongy bone Looks like a sponge. Mostly in the epiphysis Contains red marrow (Makes RBC’s)
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Compact Bone Close together in diaphysis. Organized into concentric layers.
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Medullary Cavity Hole in the middle of the bone. Filled with yellow marrow (fat for energy storage)
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Surface features: (3) 1. Projections 2. Depressions 3. Openings
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Projections For attachments
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Depressions For joints to fit together.
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Openings For blood vessels and nerves.
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Osseous Tissue
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Matrix
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Osteocyte Mature bone cells. Maintain bones and assist and repair.
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