1. Ying Wang EDN 303 Fall 2008

2. Objectives Identify security risks that threaten home and school computers Describe how computer viruses and malicious software programs work and the steps you can take to prevent viruses Describe different ways schools safeguard computers and networks Explain why computer backup is important and how it is accomplished Define what is meant by information privacy and its impact on schools Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 2

3. Objectives Identify the components of copyright that impact education Describe the ethical issues related to Internet usage and steps schools are taking to address them Identify safe and healthy uses of technology resources Describe the emerging technologies that will transform traditional classrooms Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 3

4. Computer Security: Risks and safeguards Computer security risk - Any event or action that has the potential of causing a loss of computer equipment, software, data and information, or processing capability Any illegal act involving a computer generally is referred to as a computer crime Computer Viruses New virus programs found every day Boot sector virus File virus Worm Trojan horse Macro virus Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 4

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8. Computer Security: Risks and Safeguards Computer Viruses Logic bomb Time bomb Michelangelo virus Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 8

9. Virus Detection and Removal Antivirus programs Popular antivirus programs Many options to using antivirus software Rescue disk Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 9 Computer Security: Risks and Safeguards

10. Unauthorized Access and Use Crackers and hackers Access controls Identification Authentication Selecting a password Protecting your password Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 10

11. Computer Security: Risks and Safeguards Possessed Objects and Biometric Devices A possessed object is any item that you must carry to gain access to a computer Badges, cards, smart cards, and keys Personal Identification Number (PIN) Biometric devices authenticate a person’s identity with a physical characteristic Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 11

12. Computer Security: Risks and Safeguards Firewall A security system consisting of hardware and/or software that prevents unauthorized access to data and information on a network Proxy server Personal firewall Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 12

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14. Computer Security: Risks and Safeguards Hardware Theft and Vandalism Cable lock devices Portable equipment warrants special considerations Computer vandalism Cutting cables Deleting software Smashing computer Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 14

15. Computer Security: Risks and Safeguards Software Theft Software piracy Software license Single-user license Multiple-user Network license Community/State license Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 15

16. Computer Security: Risks and Safeguards Information Theft Encryption Plain text Encrypted text Encryption key Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 16

17. Computer Security: Risks and Safeguards System Failure Undervoltage Brownout Blackout Overvoltage (powersurge) Spike Surge protector Surge protector with phone line protection Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 17

18. Computer Security: Risks and Safeguards Backing Up – The Ultimate Safeguard Backup Duplicate of a file, program, or disk that may be used if the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed Backup procedures policies in schools and school districts Backup programs Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 18

19. Ethics and the Information Age Computer ethics Moral guidelines that govern the use of computers, networks, and information systems Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 19

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21. Ethics and the Information Age Information Privacy The right of individuals and organizations to deny or restrict the collection and use of information about them Unauthorized collection and use of information Electronic profiles Federal and state laws Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 21

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24. Ethics and the Information Age Phishing Email attempting to obtain personal and financial information Spam An unsolicited e-mail mess or newsgroup posting sent to many recipients or newsgroups at once Average user receives more than 1,000 spam e-mail messages each year Anti-spam campaigns Anti-spam program Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 24

25. Ethics and the Information Age Privacy Laws Business or government agencies should only collect information necessary to carry out their functions Restrict data access to those who must use it to perform job duties Release personal information only after agreement to disclosure by individual Must inform the individual when collecting information Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 25

26. Ethics and the Information Age Employee and Student Monitoring Use of computers to observe, record, view, and review an individual’s use of a computer Policies of computer use Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 26

27. Ethics and the Information Age Copyright Laws Copyright Act of 1976 Illegal copying Fair use Copyright information on Web pages Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 27

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29. Ethics and the Information Age Copyright Laws Teacher and student Web pages Copyright laws do protect these pages Public domain Web sites CDs and DVDs with images, graphics, audio, and video clips Guidelines for creating Web pages Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 29

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31. Internet Ethics and Objectionable Materials Three categories of objectionable material Pornographic material Racist literature, gambling Incorrect or inappropriate material Inaccurate information Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 31

32. Internet Ethics and Objectionable Materials Recent Government Actions Children’s Internet Protection Act Protects children from obscene, pornographic, and other information considered to be harmful to minors Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 32

33. Internet Ethics and Objectionable Materials Parental Controls Rating systems ICRA Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 33

34. Internet Ethics and Objectionable Materials Parental Controls Filtering software programs Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 34

35. Internet Ethics and Objectionable Materials Parental Controls Filtering software Check Internet browser’s history Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 35

36. Internet Ethics and Objectionable Materials Educational Controls Acceptable Use Policies (AUP) Use of network is a privilege, not a right Behave as if you are a guest on the Internet Rules concerning objectionable sites Rules concerning copyright issues Outline proper use of equipment Online safety and personal information Consequences of violating rules Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 36

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38. Internet Ethics and Objectionable Materials Educational Controls Curriculum pages Acts as guides for students Sites are pre-evaluated by teachers Eliminates typing mistakes when typing URLs Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 38

39. Internet Ethics and Objectionable Materials Educational Controls Teacher observation Final measure to prevent students from accessing objectionable and inappropriate materials Instruct students on use of Back button on the browser Understanding of ethical concepts Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 39

40. Health Issues Computers and Health Issues Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) Hand Exercises Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) Techniques to ease eyestrain Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 40

41. Health Issues Ergonomics An applied science devoted to incorporating comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of items in the workplace Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 41

42. Emerging Technologies The Web offers enormous potential for expanding the classroom Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 42

43. Emerging Technologies The World Wide Web Most K-12 schools are on the Internet The federal government is committed to high-speed Internet access in every classroom Speed will increase Full-motion video on demand Instant access to Web-based educational programs Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 43

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45. Emerging Technologies Educational Software on DVD Information, graphics, animations, video, and interactive links Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 45

46. Emerging Technologies Assistive Technologies Technologies that modify or adapt the classroom for special learning needs Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) Amendment of 1997 Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 46

47. Emerging Technologies Federal Accessibility Initiative Technology should be available to people with disabilities Section 508 WebXACT Text equivalents for all non-text elements Summaries of graphs and charts All information displayed in color available without color Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 47

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49. Emerging Technologies Web- and Video-Enhanced Digital Textbooks Web site is continuously updated and maintained Web-Based Distance Learning All instruction provided via the Web Still evolving Useful for specialized classes not available in all schools Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 49

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51. Emerging Technologies Wireless Technologies Allows teachers and students to connect to a truly global network Wireless computers will ensure that educational technology is used seamlessly and at the point of instruction Small, inexpensive computers ensure that all children have access to their lessons and the World from both home and school Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 51

52. Chapter Summary Identify security risks that threaten home and school computers Describe how computer viruses and malicious software programs work and the steps you can take to prevent viruses Describe different ways schools safeguard computers and networks Explain why computer backup is important and how it is accomplished Define what is meant by information privacy and its impact on schools Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 52

53. Chapter Summary Identify the components of copyright that impact education Describe the ethical issues related to Internet usage and steps schools are taking to address them Identify safe and healthy uses of technology resources Describe the emerging technologies that will transform traditional classrooms Chapter 8: Security Issues, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies in Education 53