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Chapter 10 Crimes Against Property
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How has our society developed techniques or habits that have lowered the number of property related crimes?
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Arson Arson is the willful and malicious burning of a person’s property. It is a crime even if the person owns the building or structure. Why? It is a separate crime to defraud insurance.
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Vandalism Vandalism (malicious mischief) is the willful destruction of or damage to the property of others. Should parents be criminally responsible for willful damage caused by their children?
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Larceny Larceny is the willful taking and carrying away of the property of another with the intent to permanently deprive the owner of it. Grand Larceny involves the theft of anything above a certain value….usually $100. Petty Larceny involves anything of small value. It is larceny not to return property that has been lost when reasonable opportunity existed for its return.
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Shoplifting Shoplifting is the crime of taking from a store without paying. Concealment is the crime of attempted shoplifting.
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I. A person is guilty of willful concealment if, without authority, he willfully conceals the goods or merchandise of any store while still upon the premises of such store. Goods or merchandise found concealed upon the person shall be prima facie evidence of willful concealment. II. A person is guilty of shoplifting if, with the purpose of depriving a merchant of goods or merchandise, he knowingly: (a) Removes goods or merchandise from the premises of a merchant; or (b) Alters, transfers, or removes any price marking affixed to goods or merchandise; or (c) Causes the cash register or other sales recording device to reflect less than the merchant's stated or advertised price for the goods or merchandise; or (d) Transfers goods or merchandise from the container in which such goods or merchandise were intended to be sold to another container.
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Stealing Embezzlement is the unlawful taking of property by someone to whom it was entrusted. This is generally taking from your place of work.
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Stealing Cont. Robbery is the taking of property from a person’s immediate possession by force or the threat of force. Robbery involves 2 harms, one is the property being stolen and the other is the threat of physical harm to the owner. Robbery is distinguished from larceny by the use of force. Robbery is almost always a felony. More severe punishment exists if a weapon is used.
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Stealing Cont. Extortion (blackmail) is the use of threats to obtain the property of another. Burglary (breaking and entering) is the unauthorized entry into any structure with the intent to commit a crime. Punishment may differ depending on the time of day and if weapons are involved.
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Forgery Forgery is a crime in which a person falsely makes or alters writing or a document with the intent to defraud. This is usually signing another person’s name. This can be adding or deleting information from a sign document. Uttering is presenting as genuine a document known to be a fake.
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Receiving Stolen Property Receiving Stolen Property is a crime even if you pay for it. This happens when the circumstances of the purchase are unusual enough to cause reasonable doubt about who the owner of the property is.
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Car Theft Unauthorized Use of Vehicle happens when the person takes a car but intends to return it. Carjacking happens when the owner of the vehicle is in the car and forced to exit.
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Computer Crime Computer Crime is one of the fastest growing segments of criminal behavior. This makes sense because the computer is one of the fastest growing sectors of commerce. A hacker is a person who gains unlawful access to a computer or database. Crimes include transmission of obscene material, terrorist activity, theft of trade secrets, fraud, identity theft, theft of intellectual or creative property.
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