1. PP PRACTICE CLASS #5 (#6) 2012-03-27/28

2. Today …

3. WE WILL GET PPs OUT OF THE WAY…

4. page 119 – exercise 5 (a-e) IN ATONOF OFF/ONAT AGAINST WITH

5. page 119 – exercise 5 (f-i) IN TO BY

6. page 119 – exercise 6 (a-d) PREPADV PREP ADV PREP

7. page 119 – exercise 6 (e-h) ADV PREP ADV

8. page 119 – exercise 6 (i-j) PREPADV PREP CONJUNCTION

9. DIGRESSION: BUT – parts of speech BUT can be a CONJUNCTION: – It wasn’t the red skirt but the blue one. – By the end of the day we were tired but happy. – I am sorry but I can’t stay any longer. – I had no choice but to sign the contract. BUT can be an ADVERB: – There were a lot of celebrities there: Tom Cruise and Angelina Jolie, to name but two. BUT can be a NOUN: – With so many ifs and buts, it is better to wait. BUT can be a PREPOSITON: – The problem was anything but easy. – Everyone was there but him. – I came last but one in the race. (next to last)

10. BASIC PREPOSITIONAL MEANINGS PREPOSITIONAL MEANINGS SPACE TIME PROCESSCONTINGENCY OTHER MEANINGS

11. SPACE Prepositions denoting spatial relations can be classified into several subgroups on the basis of two criteria:  TYPE OF REFERENCE POINT  STATIC OR DYNAMIC POSITION Type of reference point:

12. TIME

13. PROCESS

14. CONTINGENCY

15. OTHER MEANINGS

18. page 118 – exercise 4 (a-e) TIME: location SPACE: surface, directionSPACE: location, point SPACE: point, direction SPACE: point, direction (destination) SPACE: surface, location SPACE: surface, direction

19. page 118 – exercise 4 (f-j) CONTINGENCY: purpose, goal SPACE: area, direction CONTINGENCY: purpose, goal SPACE: location, point TIME: metaphorical extension of the meaning of space

20. page 118 – exercise 4 (k-o) SPACE: surface, direction SPACE: line, location, relative position SPACE: metaphorical extension of space PROCESS: instrument

21. page 119 – exercise 4 (p-t) CONTINGENCY: cause, reason PROCESS: agent TIME: location PROCESS: manner CONTINGENCY: condition OTHER: respect CONTINGENCY: concession

22. THE END OF PREPOSITIONS AND THE PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE

23. THE LAST TOPIC BEFORE THE MID-TERM EXAM ADVERBIALS

24. Page 128 – exercise 1 (a-d) AdvP finite clause verbless clause PP finite clause PP

25. Page 128 – exercise 1 (e-h) non-finite clauseAdvPfinite clause PP non-finite clause AdvP PP AdvPPP

26. Page 128 – exercise 1 (i-k) PP verbless clause PP non-finite clause

27. Page 128 – exercise 2 (a-d) adjunct disjunctadjunct PP AdvP PP -ING (n-f) clause AdvP

28. Page 128 – exercise 2 (e-h) adjunct conjunct adjunct PP AdvP OR NP INF (n-f) clause finite clause AdvP

29. Page 128 – exercise 2 (i-l) adjunct AdvPNP AdvP

30. Page 128 – exercise 2 (m-p) adjunct finite clause PP AdvP OR NP AdvP

31. LET’S NOW GO BACK TO…

32. EXERCISE #1 AND ANALYZE THE FUNCTIONS THERE.

33. Page 128 – exercise 1 (a-d) AdvP finite clause verbless clause PP finite clause PP adjunct

34. Page 128 – exercise 1 (e-h) non-finite clauseAdvPfinite clause PP non-finite clause AdvP PP AdvPPP disjunct adjunct conjunct adjunct

35. Page 128 – exercise 1 (i-k) PP verbless clause PP non-finite clause adjunct disjunct

36. THE END Thank you for your time!