2. AP Biology 2007-2008 Kingdom: Fungi Eukaryotes Domain Bacteria Domain Archaebacteria Domain Eukaryotes Common ancestor

3. AP Biology General characteristics  Classification criteria  eukaryotes  heterotrophs  must feed off of others  mostly multicellular  except one-celled yeasts  cell wall

4. AP Biology Structure  Cells  long thread-like cells  multiple nuclei  cell wall  made from chitin  just like crab shells septum chitin cell wall nuclei pore

5. AP Biology plant cell fungal cells plant cell membrane plant cell wall How do Fungi get their Nutrition?  Heterotrophs  secrete digestive enzymes  absorb digested material into cell  predators  paralyzing prey  parasites  feeding on living creatures  decomposer  breakdown dead remains Cool… Fungi live IN their food! Chocolate cake, anyone?

6. AP Biology Ecological Roles  Decomposers  recycle nutrients  Symbiotic Relationships  lichen  fungi + algae  pioneer species in ecosystems  makes soil from bare rock  mycorrhizae  fungi + plants  enables plants to absorb more water

7. AP Biology Mycorrhizae  Critical role in plant growth  extends water absorption of roots without mycorrhizae with mycorrhizae EctomycorrhizaEndomycorrhiza

8. AP Biology Reproduction  Asexual  budding in yeast  Sexual  spores  spread by wind spores on gills mushroom gills on mushroom fungus growing in soil

9. AP Biology Fairy Rings

10. AP Biology Importance of fungi to humans  Food production  bread  beer, wine  Medicine production  antibiotics penicillin

11. AP Biology 2007-2008 Any Questions??

12. AP Biology hypha (n) haploid (2n) diploid mating strain FUSION of gametangia sporangium spores MEIOSIS Zygomycete (Bread Mold) Life Cycle