1. Chapter 20: The Effects of Tobacco Use

2. Key Terms  Nicotine  Stimulant  Carcinogen  Tar  Carbon Monoxide  Smokeless Tobacco  Leukoplakia  Nicotine Withdrawal  Nicotine Substitute

3. Key Terms, cont.  Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)- air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke  Mainstream Smoke  Sidestream Smoke

4. What’s in a cigarette??  Cigarettes contain 43 known carcinogens, including cyanide, formaldehyde, and arsenic.  Cigarettes also contain poisonous chemicals used in insecticides, paint, toilet cleaners, antifreeze, and explosives.

5. How Tobacco Effects The Body  Changes in brain chemistry  Increased respiration and heart rate  Dulled taste buds and reduced appetite  Bad breathe and smelly hair, clothes, and skin  Chronic Bronchitis  Emphysema  Lung Cancer  Coronary heart disease and stroke

6. Why does the body want more?  The constriction of the blood vessels causes a mild high. When the vessels return to normal, there is a sensation of restlessness and irritation. The smoker or oral tobacco user does not like the discomfort and will repeat the behavior that produced the pleasure. This causes a cycle of use that becomes habitual. The frequent use builds up an addiction to nicotine.

7. Other Consequences  Legal consequences– illegal under the age of 18  Social consequences– many places are banning smoking from social settings (i.e. restaurants, etc.)  Financial consequences– someone who smokes a pack of cigarettes a day can spend more than $1,500 each year just on cigarettes.

8. Strategies for Preventing Use of Tobacco  Choose friends who don’t use tobacco  Avoid situations where tobacco products may be used  Practice and use refusal skills

9. Reasons Teens May Use  Cope with times of stress or crisis  Weight control  Peer pressure  Media  Imitate or model someone else

10. Reasons Teens May Quit  They begin to have health problems, such as asthma or respiratory infections.  They have the desire, will, and commitment to stop.  They realize how expensive the habit is.  They realize that using tobacco can lead to other risky behaviors, such as the use of alcohol and other drugs.  They realize the damaging effects of secondhand smoke.

11. Benefits of Quitting  Within 20 minutes blood pressure and pulse rates drop.  Within 8 hours oxygen levels return to normal.  In 24 hours the chance of heart attack begins to decrease.  In 48 hours nerve endings begin to regrow. Senses of taste and smell improve.

12. Benefits of Quitting, cont.  In 3 days breathing becomes easier as lung capacity increases.  Within 2 weeks to 3 months lungs function up to 30 percent better.  Within 1 to 9 months lung cilia regrow, and coughing, sinus congestion, and shortness of breath decrease.  In 1 year the risk of coronary heart disease is cut in half.  In 5 years the risk of lung cancer and cancers of the mouth, throat, and esophagus is reduced by 50 percent.  In 10 years the risk of cancer of the bladder, kidney, cervix, and pancreas decreases.

13. Hookah  Although many believe that the water in the hookah filters out all the "bad stuff" in the tobacco smoke, this isn't true. According to a World Health Organization advisory, a typical one-hour session of hookah smoking exposes the user to 100 to 200 times the volume of smoke inhaled from a single cigarette. Even after passing through water, tobacco smoke still contains high levels of toxic compounds, including carbon monoxide, heavy metals and cancer-causing chemicals (carcinogens). Hookah smoking also delivers significant levels of nicotine — the addictive substance in tobacco.  The Mayo Clinic

14. Conclusion  Consequences of tobacco use  Benefits of quitting  Reasons teens may use  Questions??