1. The Bureaucracy 10/5/2011

2. Clearly Communicated Learning Objectives in Written Form Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: – identify and explain the role of formal (bureaucratic) institutions and their effect on policy. – students will have a better understanding of why our national government works and why the American system of government is unique.

3. Office Hours and Readings Chapter 10 on the Bureaucracy Office Hours – Tomorrow 8-12 – Monday 8-10:30

4. BUREAUCRACY

5. What is a Bureaucracy The Bureaucracy are the organizations that administer programs and policies in both government and the private sector Where we see it – SEU – Business – The Government Bureaucrats the individuals in these organizations.

6. Why A Bureaucracy?: The Tasks of Government The Constitution sets up a need for bureaucrats You have to have people to administer these tasks

7. Why a Bureaucracy: The Public Goods Problem What are public goods? Business will not touch it How do you protect/provide these?

8. Why a Bureaucracy? Size

9. Why a Bureaucracy: Human Resources 2 million employees 1.4 million active duty personnel 24% of Total GDP

10. The Bureaucracy in the Constitution No specific mention Article II- implies a bureaucracy The Founders didn’t expect a large role

11. The Pendleton Act and The Spoils System “To the victor goes the spoils” James Garfield (RIP) The Pendleton Act (1883)

12. THE BUREAUCRACY TODAY

13. Responding to problems Changes cause Bureaucratic Growth – Expansion – Economic Crises – New Social Problems – War and terrorism

14. The Size of the Bureaucracy

16. Cabinet Positions 15 Top Departments Cabinet Heads are appointed by the president Must be confirmed by the Senate

17. Independent/Executive Agencies Report to the President The result of overlapping jurisdictions Promote Independence and openness

18. The Case of Social Security Used to be part of Health and Human Services “spun-off” in 1994 Now it is independent

19. The Regulatory Commissions Regulate some aspect of the Economy Appointed By the President in over- lapping terms Free of Presidential Control and partisan tides

20. The Case of the EPA Not a regulatory Commission Under control of the President Why is this the case?

21. Government Corporations Provide public goods Run like a business to increase efficiency Not designed to make a profit

22. The Case of the Post Office Once a cabinet level position Government Corporation status in 1971 Monopoly on letters and mailboxes Facing 8.5 Billion shortfall

23. THE BUREAUCRACY AS POLICY MAKER

24. Administering Policy The oldest job of the government Day-to-day functions

25. Providing Information Collecting and disseminating data Policy Expertise Examples – http://www.bls.gov/ http://www.bls.gov/ – http://www.eia.gov/ http://www.eia.gov/

26. Delegated Legislative Authority This is the power of the Bureaucracy to draft as well as execute, specific policies. Why? Effect